簡(jiǎn)介
(R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺?;趸谆?環(huán)己烷用作橡膠、涂料、清漆的溶劑,膠粘劑的稀釋劑、油脂萃取劑。因本品的毒性小,故常代替苯用于脫油脂、脫潤(rùn)滑脂和脫漆[1]。此外,(R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺酰基氧基甲基)環(huán)己烷也可以用于制造尼龍的單體己二酸、己二胺和己內(nèi)酰胺,以及制造環(huán)己醇、環(huán)己酮的原料。還可以用作分析試劑,如作溶劑,色譜分析標(biāo)準(zhǔn)物質(zhì)。而且(R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺?;趸谆?環(huán)己烷多用于有機(jī)合成和無機(jī)化學(xué)中,比如絡(luò)合滴定銅、鐵、硅、鋁、鈣、鎂等[2-3]。作為色譜分析標(biāo)準(zhǔn)物,(R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺?;趸谆?環(huán)己烷經(jīng)常用作光刻膠溶劑。在天然產(chǎn)物化學(xué)行,(R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺?;趸谆?環(huán)己烷可用于精油的萃取。除此之外,(R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺?;趸谆?環(huán)己烷還可用作清洗去油劑[4]。
圖1 (R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺酰基氧基甲基)環(huán)己烷的結(jié)構(gòu)式。
合成
圖2 (R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺酰基氧基甲基)環(huán)己烷的合成路線[5]。
步驟1:全濃縮,殘余物用甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE,1000mL)稀釋,向其中加入碳酸氫鈉溶液。分離有機(jī)層并用水和鹽水溶液洗滌。將有機(jī)層完全蒸餾以提供8。將殘余物溶于新鮮甲醇(1040mL)中,并加入甲醇鈉(28g,519.4mmol)。將反應(yīng)物質(zhì)回流4h,并在減壓下完全蒸餾甲醇。向殘余物中加入13%NaOH水溶液(2000mL)。反應(yīng)質(zhì)量在75°C下保持3-4小時(shí),并冷卻至0-5°C。在0-5°C下,用濃HCl(900 mL)將反應(yīng)質(zhì)量pH調(diào)節(jié)至2.0。過濾所得固體,用過量水(1500mL)洗滌濕濾餅并在減壓下干燥得到中間體體。
步驟2:紅色Al(70%甲苯溶液)(134 g,460 mmol)添加到0-5°C氮?dú)鈿夥障?0(16 g,93 mmol)THF(160 mL)溶液中。將反應(yīng)混合物回流5小時(shí),將混合物冷卻至0-5℃,然后加入20%NaOH水溶液(320 mL)。使反應(yīng)溫度升溫至室溫,并將反應(yīng)攪拌1小時(shí)。用甲苯萃取,在減壓下將有機(jī)層濃縮至干。將殘余物冷卻至0-5℃。向殘留物中加入DCM(2.4 mL)和正己烷(40 mL),并在0-5°C下攪拌30分鐘并過濾。米白色純色。收率:85.2%。
步驟3:0-5°C下,將甲烷磺酰氯(12 mL,150 mmol)添加到DCM(100 mL)和TEA(25.0 mL,170 mmol)中的混合液中。然后將其置于室溫。將反應(yīng)混合物攪拌2小時(shí)并用DCM(50mL)稀釋。將化合物萃取到DCM中,用水洗滌,并用無水Na2SO4干燥。減壓蒸餾DCM層,使用正己烷(100mL)進(jìn)一步純化所得(R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺?;趸谆?環(huán)己烷。收率:92%。對(duì)映體過量(ee):99.43%。[α] D 20=-27.5°(C=4%,20°C時(shí)為苯);點(diǎn)燃。[α] D 24:5=-29.2°(C=4%,20°C時(shí)為苯)。[16] 1H NMR(CDCl3,400 MHz):δ4.35(d,J=10 Hz,1H),4.18(d,J=10 Hz),3.03(s,3H),1.82-1.78(m,2H),1.71(m,1H,1.29-1.27(m,2H)。13C NMR(DMSO d6,400 MHz):72.1,37.0,36.3,28.3,24.7。
應(yīng)用
(R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺?;趸谆?環(huán)己烷是一種用途較廣的有機(jī)原料,在有機(jī)合成工業(yè)中,是基礎(chǔ)原料;同時(shí)還可用于生產(chǎn)潤(rùn)滑劑、增塑劑[6]。(R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺?;趸谆?環(huán)己烷也可用于醫(yī)藥等方面,還可用于液晶材料、可降解功能高分子材料,香料、潤(rùn)滑油、油墨、涂料、化妝品、增塑劑及各種添加劑等的生產(chǎn)[7-9]。還可用于多種有機(jī)中間體的合成。(R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺?;趸谆?環(huán)己烷可與有機(jī)酸、異氰酸鹽、酸酐反應(yīng),形成不同類型的衍生物。改性合成的低熔點(diǎn)和生物可降解聚酯用于食品外包裝、高檔纖維、電工絕緣材料。這些改性分子用于生產(chǎn)橡膠、彈性纖維、人造皮革汽車配件[10-11]。此外,(R,R)-1,2-雙(甲磺?;趸谆?環(huán)己烷也可用于聚酯增塑劑,具有高耐揮發(fā)、耐低溫性、耐水性及耐油性的功能[12]。
參考文獻(xiàn)
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