Natriumformiat Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
HYGROSKOPISCHE WEISSE K?RNER ODER KRISTALLINES PULVER.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Staubexplosion der pulverisierten oder granulierten Substanz in Gemischen mit Luft m?glich.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen unter Bildung von Kohlenmonoxid (s. ICSC 0023)und Wasserstoff (s. ICSC 0001). Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr. Zersetzung bei Kontakt mit S?uren unter Bildung von Ameisens?ured?mpfen (s. ICSC 0485).
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation des Aerosols.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfen bei 20°C vernachl?ssigbar; eine bel?stigende Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch schnell erreicht werden.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen und die Atemwege.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in Beh?ltern sammeln. Reste mit viel Wasser wegspülen.
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
Beschreibung
Sodium formate, HCOONa, is the sodium salt of formic acid, HCOOH. It usually appears as a white deliquescent powder.
Chemische Eigenschaften
white crystals
Physikalische Eigenschaften
White crystals; slightly hygroscopic; faint odor of formic acid; density 1.92 g/cm
3; melts at 253°C; decomposes on further heating, first forming sodium oxalate and hydrogen and then sodium carbonate; very soluble in water; the aqueous solution neutral, pH about 7; soluble in glycerol; slightly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in ether.
Verwenden
Sodium formate is used in several fabric dyeing and printing processes. It is also used as a buffering agent for strong mineral acids to increase their pH, and as a food additive ( E237 ) .
synthetische
Sodium formate can be prepared in the laboratory by neutralizing formic acid with sodium carbonate. It can also be obtained by reacting chloroform with an alcoholic solution of sodium hydroxide.
CHCl
3 + 4NaOH → HCOONa + 3NaCl + 2H
2O
or by reacting sodium hydroxide with chloral hydrate.
C
2HCl
3(OH)
2 + NaOH → CHCl
3 + HCOONa + H
2O
The latter method is, in general, preferred to the former because the low aqueous solubility of CHCl3 makes it easier to separate out from the sodium formate solution, by fractional crystallization, than the soluble NaCl would be.
For commercial use, sodium formate is produced by absorbing carbon monoxide under pressure in solid sodium hydroxide at 160 °C.
CO + NaOH → HCOONa
Sodium formate may also be created via the haloform reaction between ethanol and sodium hypochlorite in the presence of a base.
Definition
ChEBI: An organic sodium salt which is the monosodium salt of formic acid.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Sodium formate is the colorless sodium salt of formic acid. It can be prepared by reacting formic acid with sodium hydroxide or carbonate. Its crystal structure has been investigated. Its crystals exhibit monoclinic-holohedral symmetry.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by ingestion, intravenous, and subcutaneous routes. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NazO. See also FORMIC ACID.
l?uterung methode
A saturated aqueous solution at 90o (0.8mL water/g) is filtered and allowed to cool slowly. (The final temperature should be above 30o to prevent formation of the hydrate.) After two such crystallissations, the crystals are dried in an oven at 130o, then under high vacuum. [Westrum et al. J Phys Chem 64 1553 1960, Roecker & Meyer J Am Chem Soc 108 4066 1986.] The salt has also been recrystallised twice from 1mM DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, which was recrystallised 4x from MilliQ water and dried in a vacuum), then twice from water [Bielski & Thomas J Am Chem Soc 109 7761 1987]. [Beilstein 2 IV 3.]
Natriumformiat Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
Natriumdithionat
Oxals?ure
Methylanthranilat
Natriumdithionit
Palladium(II) acetat
Ziram
4,4'-Diaminodiphenylether
Isopentylformiat
Zinkbis(diethyldithiocarbamat)
Ethyl imidazole-4-carboxylate
4-Hydroxy-m-toluylsure
1-Methyl-3-phenyl-2-thiourea
Asulam
Natriumsulfat
6,6'-Dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridin
S-Ethyl-1-perhydroazepinthioat
Ameisensure
auxiliary chrome tanning agent
methyl(±)cis，trans-2，2-dimethyl-3-(2-methyl-1-propenyl cyclopropane carboxylate)
Dinatriumoxalat
FENOTHIOCARB
2-[3-(1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene)prop-1-enyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium chloride
1-Hydroxy-2-naphthoesure
Alkohol 3-phenoxybenzyl
Ameisens?ure-phenylmethylester
Cinchophen
Formyl acetate
2,2-Dimethylpropan-1,3-diol
Methabenzthiazuron
Formamid
Dibenzo[def,mno]chrysen-6,12-dion
