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Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

IF: 6.59
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Review article: mode of action and delivery of 5-aminosalicylic acid – new evidence

Published:22 August 2006 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03069.x PMID: 16939423
P. DESREUMAUX, S. GHOSH

Abstract

The effectiveness of sulfasalazine depends on the splitting of the diazo bond in the molecule by the action of bacteria in the large bowel, releasing the pharmacologically active moiety, 5-aminosalicylic acid. The development of pH-dependent, delayed-release formulations of 5-aminosalicylic acid abolished the toxicity associated with the sulfapyridine part of sulfasalazine.

5-aminosalicylic acid is now believed to act by activating a class of nuclear receptors involved in the control of inflammation, cell proliferation, apoptosis and metabolic function, the γ form of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. These receptors are expressed at particularly high levels in colon epithelial cells, where their expression appears to be at least in part stimulated by gut bacteria. Other drugs known to act via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, such as rosiglitazone and the selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ ligand GW1929, can be displaced from their binding sites on the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ molecule by 5-aminosalicylic acid at concentrations of 5-aminosalicylic acid that correspond with the concentrations found in the lumen of ulcerative colitis patients taking oral mesalazine.

Genetically engineered heterozygous knockout mice (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ±) are particularly susceptible to colonic inflammation, and inflammation is more severe in these mice, in response to chemicals that induce experimental colonic ulcers. In these experimental models, 5-aminosalicylic acid is ineffective in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ± mice. This new insight provides a mechanistic foundation for the possibility that long-term treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Substances (5)

Related products
Procduct Name CAS Molecular Formula Supplier Price
5-Aminosalicylic acid 89-57-6 C7H7NO3 884 suppliers $5.00-$1880.00
Rosiglitazone 122320-73-4 C18H19N3O3S 480 suppliers $12.00-$970.00
Sulfasalazine 599-79-1 C18H14N4O5S 421 suppliers $9.00-$690.00
Sulfapyridine 144-83-2 C11H11N3O2S 380 suppliers $5.00-$1880.00
GW1929 196808-24-9 C30H29N3O4 112 suppliers $37.00-$13536.00

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