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Miconazole is a widely used antifungal imidazole that acts by inhibiting the 14α-
demethylation of lanosterol, which consequently leads to the inhibition of ergosterol synthesis in fungal cell membranes. Additionally, miconazole has been shown to induce reactive oxygen species in fungal biofilms, demonstrating a MIC value of ≥256 μM against
Candida spp.
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White Solid
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Antifungal (topical).
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Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards. Miconazole nitrate is an imidazole derivative and a broad spectrum antifungal drug used in the management of fungal outbreak in humans and veterinary animals.
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Antifungal agent. Inhibits lanosterol demethylase and induces formation of reactive oxygen species.
Clinical Use
1-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-[2,4-dichlorophenyl]-methoxy]ethyl]-1H-imidazole mononitrate (Monistat,Micatin) is a weak base with a pKa of 6.65. The nitric acidsalt occurs as white crystals that are sparingly soluble inwater and most organic solvents.
The free base is available in an injectable form, solubilized with polyethylene glycol and castor oil, and intended for the treatment of serious systemic fungal infections, such as candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, petriellidiosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis. It may also be used for the treatment of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. Although serious toxic effects from the systemic administration of miconazole are comparatively rare, thrombophlebitis, pruritus, fever, and gastrointestinal upset are relatively common. Miconazole nitrate is supplied in various dosage forms (cream, lotion, powder, and spray) for the treatment of tinea infections and cutaneous candidiasis. Vaginal creams and suppositories are also available for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. A concentration of 2% of the salt is used in most topical preparations.
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