水銀(II)オキシド 化學(xué)特性,用途語(yǔ),生産方法
外観
赤黃色?黃赤色, 粉末
溶解性
水に難溶 (5.2mg/100ml水, 25℃)。希塩酸及び希硝酸に溶け、水及びエタノールにほとんど溶けない。
解説
赤色酸化水銀(II)HgOの古い名稱．
用途
防腐剤、酸化剤?酸化觸媒。
用途
醫(yī)薬品製造原料、防腐剤。
化學(xué)的特性
bright red, orange or yellow powder. Mercuric oxide is incompatible with strong reducing agents, strong oxidising agents, combustible materials, and organic materials.
使用
Mercury oxide (HgO) exists in two forms, red and yellow mercuric oxides, and is related
to mercurous oxide (Hg2O), which is black. All have industrial uses, ranging from antiseptics
to pigments.
一般的な説明
Red or orange-red odorless, dense crystalline powder or scales, yellow when finely powdered. Used as a chemical intermediate for mercury salts, organic mercury compounds, and chlorine monoxide; antiseptic in pharmaceuticals; component of dry cell batteries; pigment and glass modifier; fungicide; preservative in cosmetics; analytical reagent; formerly used in antifouling paints.
反応プロフィール
MERCURIC OXIDE is light sensitive. When hydrazine hydrate is dropped on mercuric oxide, an explosion occurs [Mellor 8:318. 1946-47]. Hypophosphorous acid reduces mercuric oxide explosively to the metal [Mellor 4:778. 1946-47]. When heated to decomposition (932 F) MERCURIC OXIDE, RED decomposes into mercury and oxygen. Fumes from fire may contain poisonous mercury vapor; oxygen may increase intensity of fire. Explosion of mercuric oxide may occur with friction or application of heat. Avoid reducing agents. Avoid light; may decompose into mercury and oxygen.
危険性
Fire risk in contact with organic materials.
Highly toxic.
健康ハザード
MERCURIC OXIDE, RED is highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, or skin absorption. Very short exposure to small quantities may cause death or permanent injury. Following ingestion, mercuric oxide is readily converted to mercuric chloride, the most dangerous mercury compound. Mercuric oxide dust has a corrosive effect on eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. People with a history of allergies or known sensitization to mercury, chronic respiratory disease, nervous system disorders, or kidney disorders are at increased risk from exposure.
火災(zāi)危険
When heated to decomposition (932F) MERCURIC OXIDE, RED decomposes into mercury and oxygen. Fumes from fire may contain poisonous mercury vapor; oxygen may increase intensity of fire. Explosion of mercuric oxide may occur with friction or application of heat. Avoid reducing agents. Avoid light; may decompose into mercury and oxygen. Hazardous polymerization may not occur.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion,
skin contact, intraperitoneal, and
intramuscular routes. An experimental
teratogen. Experimental reproductive
effects. An FDA over-the-counter drug.
Used for treating fruit trees. Flammable by
chemical reactions. A powerful oxidzer.
Explosive reaction with acetyl nitrate,
butadene + ethanol + iodine (at 35OC),
chlorine + hydrocarbons (e.g., methane,
ethylene), diboron tetrafluoride, hydrogen
peroxide + traces of nitric acid, reducing
agents (e.g., hydrazine hydrate, phosphinic
acid). Forms heator impact-sensitive
explosive mixtures with nonmetals (e.g.,
phosphorus, sulfur), metals (e.g.,
magnesium, potassium, sodium-potas sium
alloy). Reacts violently with hydrogen
trisulfide (on ignition), hydrazine hydrate,
hydrogen peroxide, hypophosphorous acid,
iodine + methanol or ethanol, phospham,
acetyl nitrate, S2Cl2, reductants.
Incandescent reaction with phospham. When heated to decomposition it emits
highly toxic fumes of Hg. See also
MERCURY COMPOUNDS,
IN ORGAN I C .
職業(yè)ばく露
Mercuric oxide is used for wound
sealing and canker treatment of fruit and rubber trees;
chemical intermediate for mercury salts; organic mercury
compounds; chlorine monoxide; as an antiseptic in pharmaceuticals; component of dry cell batteries; pigment and
glass modifier; fungicide; preservative in cosmetics;
analytical reagent; formerly used in antifouling paints
輸送方法
UN1641 Mercuric oxide, Hazard Class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1-Poisonous material
純化方法
Dissolve it in HClO4 and precipitate it with NaOH solution. It is yellow when cold and changes to red at ~130o reversibly. POISONOUS.
不和合性
A powerful oxidizer. Decomposes on
exposure to light, when heated above 500C, producing
highly toxic fumes including mercury and oxygen, which will
add to the intensity of an existing fire. Violent reaction with
combustible materials; other oxidizers; acetyl nitrate; aluminum, diboron tetrafluoride; reducing agents; phospham,
hydrogen trisulfide (on ignition); hydrazine hydrate; hydrogen
peroxide; hypophosphorous acid; acetyl nitrate; chlorine,
hypophosphorous acid; magnesium (when heated), disulfur
dichloride; alcohols, alkali metals (i.e., lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium). Forms heat- or impactsensitive explosive mixtures with sulfur, phosphorus and other
nonmetals, potassium, magnesium, sodium, and other chemically active metals. Incompatible with strong bases and light
參考文獻(xiàn)
K. Aurivillius, Acta Chem. Scand., 18, 1305 (1964), DOI: 10.3891/acta.chem.scand.18-1305.
水銀(II)オキシド 上流と下流の製品情報(bào)
原材料
準(zhǔn)備製品