ジシアノ水銀(II) 化學(xué)特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～ほとんど白色, 結(jié)晶～粉末
溶解性
水及びエタノールに溶ける。
解説
シアン化水銀(Ⅱ)(mercury(Ⅱ) cyanide)：Hg(CN)2(252.63)．酸化水銀(Ⅱ)をシアン化水素希水溶液に溶かした後，蒸発濃縮するか，HgⅡ塩とシアン化アルカリとの反応で得られる．無色の正方晶系結(jié)晶．構(gòu)造はN-C-Hg-C-Nのほぼ直線狀分子．Hg-C1.986 ?．Hg-N2.70 ?．∠C-Hg-C171°．密度4.00 g cm－3．加熱すると320 ℃ でHgと (CN)2 とに分解する．水，エタノールに可溶．水溶液中でもHg(CN)2分子のまま存在する．AgNO3やKOHでは沈殿しないが，H2SではHgSを沈殿する．寫真，醫(yī)療，殺菌，防腐剤などに用いられる．猛毒．
化學(xué)的特性
Mercuric cyanide is an odorless, white crystalline solid; turns gray to dark brown when exposed to light
使用
Mercuric cyanide finds veterinary application as a topical antiseptic for cats and other animals.
製造方法
One part of HgO is digested for a few hours on a water bath
with one part of Prussian blue and 10 parts of H2O. The mercuric cyanide crystals
separate on evaporation of the solution.
一般的な説明
Odorless tetragonal crystals or white powder. Toxic by inhalation (dust, and the hydrogen cyanide from decomposition) and by ingestion. Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires. It is used in medicine, germicidal soaps, photography, and in making cyanogen gas.
空気と水の反応
Soluble in water. Gradually decomposed by water to give off hydrogen cyanide, a flammable poison gas.
反応プロフィール
MERCURIC CYANIDE is rapidly decomposed by acids to give off hydrogen cyanide, a flammable poison gas. Decomposed in the light. May tend to explosive instability. Capable of violent reaction with oxidizing agents. Fusion with metal chlorates, perchlorates, nitrates or nitrites can cause a violent explosion [Bretherick 1979. p. 101].
危険性
Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin
absorption.
健康ハザード
Mercuric cyanide is a highly poisonous compound. Its components, mercury(II) and the cyanide ions, are both highly toxic. Its toxicity, however, is lower than that of sodium and potassium cyanides.
Acute toxic symptoms from oral intake of this compound in humans are hypermotility, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting, and injury to kidney and bladder. Toxic symptoms may be manifested in humans from consuming 15–20 g of this compound. Lower doses may produce somnolence. An intraperitoneal dosage of 7.5 mg/kg was fatal to rats.
LD50 value, oral (mice): 7.5 mg/kg.
火災(zāi)危険
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Fumes from fire may contain toxic mercury and hydrogen cyanide.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion,
subcutaneous, intravenous, and
intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic
effects by ingestion: nausea or vomiting,
hypermotility, dlarrhea, kidney changes,
somnolence. Hydrolyzes to toxic fumes. A
frictionand impact-sensitive explosive. It
may initiate detonation of liquid hydrogen
cyanide. Incompatible with fluorine,
magnesium, sodium nitrite. When heated to
decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of
Hg, NOx, and CN-. See also CYANIDE
and MERCURY COMPOUNDS.
職業(yè)ばく露
Mercuric cyanide is used in medicine,
germicidal soaps, photography and in making cyanogen
gas
輸送方法
UN1636 Mercuric cyanide, Hazard Class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials
純化方法
Crystallise it from water. The solubility in H2O is 8% at ~20o and 33% at ~100o; in EtOH it is 8% at ~20o and in MeOH it is 25% at ~20o. [Blitz Z Anorg Allgem Chem 170 161 1928.] POISONOUS.
不和合性
Violent reaction with fluorine, magnesium, sodium nitrite, acids. Heating or contact with acid
releases toxic mercury and flammable hydrogen cyanide
gas. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates,
peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine,
fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep
away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids,
oxoacids, epoxides
廃棄物の処理
Return to supplier for mercury recovery and deactivation.
ジシアノ水銀(II) 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準(zhǔn)備製品