4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-on Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen, Verbrennen oder bei Kontakt mit S?uren, Basen und Aminen unter Bildung von Aceton und Mesitylalkohol. Reagiert sehr heftig mit Oxidationsmitteln unter Bildung brennbarer/explosionsf?higer Gase (z.B. Wasserstoff, ICSC-Nr. 0001)
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 50 ppm (als TWA); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 20 ppm, 96 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor I(2); Hautresorption; Schwangerschaft: Gruppe D (DFG 2006).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation der D?mpfe, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C tritt eine gesundheitssch?dliche Kontamination der Luft nicht oder nur sehr langsam ein.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. Verschlucken kann zur Aufnahme in der Lunge führen; Gefahr der Aspirationspneumonie. Exposition weit oberhalb der Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerte kann zu Bewusstseinstrübung führen.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Die Flüssigkeit entfettet die Haut.
LECKAGE
Zündquellen entfernen. Pers?nliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzfilter für organische Gase und D?mpfe. Verschüttetes Material mit Absorptionsmittel abdecken. Reste sorgf?ltig sammeln.
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R36:Reizt die Augen.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Diacetone alcohol is a colorless liquid. Mild,
mint odor.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Clear, watery, flammable liquid with a mild, pleasant, characteristic odor similar to 2-butanone or
the pentanones. Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations
were 1.3 mg/m
3 (270 ppb
v) and 5.2 mg/m
3 (1.1 ppm
v), respectively (Hellman and Small,
1974).
Verwenden
Solvent for cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, celluloid, fats, oils, waxes, resins. As a preservative in pharmaceutical preparations. In some antifreeze solutions and in hydraulic fluids.
Definition
ChEBI: A beta-hydroxy ketone formed by hydroxylation of 4-methylpentan-2-one at the 4-position. It has been isolated from Achnatherum robustum.
Vorbereitung Methode
4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone is manufactured through
the action of barium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or calcium
hydroxide on acetone. Commercial materials may contain
up to 15%acetone.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Flash point below 141°F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable. Soluble in water.
Reaktivit?t anzeigen
Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water, [Merck 11th ed., 1989]. Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid, [Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73(1967); J, Org. Chem. 28:1893(1963)]. Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites, [NFPA 491 M, 1991]. Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence, [Wischmeyer(1969)].
Health Hazard
Vapor is irritating to the mucous membrane of the eye and respiratory tract. Inhalation can cause dizziness, nausea, some anesthesia. Very high concentrations have a narcotic effect. The liquid is not highly irritating to the skin but can cause dermatitis.
Brandgefahr
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
Chemische Reaktivit?t
Reactivity with Water : No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by
ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Mddly
toxic by skin contact. Human systemic
effects by inhalation: headache, nausea or
vomiting, eye and pulmonary changes. A
skin, mucous membrane, and severe eye
irritant. Can cause anemia and damage to
liver and hdneys. Narcotic in high
concentration. Flammable liquid when
exposed to heat or flame; can react with
oxidzing materials. Explosive in the form of
vapor when exposed to heat or flame. To
fight fire, use alcohol foam, foam, CO2, dry
chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See
also KETONES.
m?gliche Exposition
It is used as a solvent for pigments,
cellulose esters; oils and fats. It is used in hydraulic brake
fluids and in antifreeze formulations.
Carcinogenicity
Occupational exposure to 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-
pentanone is most likely to be by inhalation and skin contact.
It presents a low degree of hazard if good work practices are
observed. Appropriate protective clothing and eye protection
should be made available as prolonged exposure may defat the skin and cause dermatitis. The occurrence of eye, nose,
and throat irritation and a recognizable odor at low concentrations
should protect against overexposure to 4-hydroxy-4-
methyl-2-pentanone.
Environmental Fate
Biological. Using the BOD technique to measure biodegradation, the mean 5-d BOD value (mM
BOD/mM diacetone alcohol) and ThOD were 3.67 and 45.9%, respectively (Vaishnav et al.,
1987).
Photolytic. Grosjean (1997) reported a rate constant of 4.0 x 10
-12 cm
3/molecule?sec at 298 K for
the reaction of OH radicals in the atmosphere. Based on a OH concentration of 1.0 x 106
molecule/cm
3, the reported half-life of diacetone alcohol is 2.0 d (Grosjean, 1997).
Versand/Shipping
UN1148 Diacetone alcohol, Hazard Class: 3;
Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
l?uterung methode
The pentanone loses water when heated. It can be dried with CaSO4, then fractionally distilled under reduced pressure. [Beilstein 1 IV 403.]
Inkompatibilit?ten
Vapor may form explosive mixture with
air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, perox-
ides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluo-
rine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep
away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids,
oxoacids, and epoxides.
Waste disposal
Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinera-
tor equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal,
state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.
4-Hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-on Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
4-Methyl-pent-3-en-2-on
PAINT
4-Methylpentan-2-ol
2,4-Dimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-carbaldehyd
2,2,4,4,6-pentamethyl-hexahydropyrimidine
2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-piperidon
2,8-Dimethylchinolin
6-Fluor-2-methylchinolin
6-Bromo-2-methylquinoline
3,3,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,2,4-trithiolane
6-CHLORO-2-METHYLQUINOLINE
