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Methylacetat

Methyl acetate Struktur
79-20-9
CAS-Nr.
79-20-9
Bezeichnung:
Methylacetat
Englisch Name:
Methyl acetate
Synonyma:
ACETIC ACID METHYL ESTER;CH3COOCH3;methylethanoate;Acetate de methyle;Metile;Devoton;Tereton;Methylacetat;Methyl ethanoate;methyle(acetatede)
CBNumber:
CB9167443
Summenformel:
C3H6O2
Molgewicht:
74.08
MOL-Datei:
79-20-9.mol

Methylacetat Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt:
-98 °C (lit.)
Siedepunkt:
57-58 °C (lit.)
Dichte
0.934 g/mL at 25 °C
Dampfdichte
2.55 (vs air)
Dampfdruck
165 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
Brechungsindex
n20/D 1.361(lit.)
FEMA 
2676 | METHYL ACETATE
Flammpunkt:
3.2 °F
storage temp. 
no restrictions.
L?slichkeit
250g/l
Aggregatzustand
Solution
Farbe
Clear colorless to slightly pale yellow
Relative polarity
0.253
Geruch (Odor)
Slightly acrid, sweet; fragrant.
Explosionsgrenze
3.1-16%(V)
Odor Threshold
1.7ppm
Geruchsart
ethereal
Wasserl?slichkeit
250 g/L (20 ºC)
maximale Wellenl?nge (λmax)
λ: 255 nm Amax: 1.0
λ: 275 nm Amax: 0.1
λ: 300 nm Amax: 0.01
JECFA Number
125
Merck 
14,6008
BRN 
1736662
Henry's Law Constant
0.90 at 20.00 °C, 1.56 at 30.00 °C (headspace-GC, Hovorka et al., 2002)
Expositionsgrenzwerte
TLV-TWA 200 ppm (~610 mg/m3) (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); TLV-STEL 250 ppm (~760 mg/m3) (ACGIH); IDLH 10,000 ppm (NIOSH).
Dielectric constant
7.3(20℃)
Stabilit?t:
Stable. Extremely flammable - readily forms explosive mixtures with air. Note low flash point and wide explosion limits. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, strong acids, nitrates. May be moisture sensitive.
LogP
0.18 at 20℃
CAS Datenbank
79-20-9(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen
Acetic acid, methyl ester(79-20-9)
EPA chemische Informationen
Methyl acetate (79-20-9)
Sicherheit
  • Risiko- und Sicherheitserkl?rung
  • Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)
Kennzeichnung gef?hrlicher F,Xi
R-S?tze: 11-36-66-67
S-S?tze: 16-26-29-33
RIDADR  UN 1231 3/PG 2
OEB A
OEL TWA: 200 ppm (610 mg/m3), STEL: 250 ppm (760 mg/m3)
WGK Germany  1
RTECS-Nr. AI9100000
Selbstentzündungstemperatur 936 °F
TSCA  Yes
HS Code  2915 39 00
HazardClass  3
PackingGroup  II
Giftige Stoffe Daten 79-20-9(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizit?t LD50 orally in Rabbit: > 5000 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rat > 2000 mg/kg
IDLA 3,100 ppm [10% LEL]
Bildanzeige (GHS) GHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictograms
Alarmwort Achtung
Gefahrenhinweise
Code Gefahrenhinweise Gefahrenklasse Abteilung Alarmwort Symbol P-Code
H225 Flüssigkeit und Dampf leicht entzündbar. Entzündbare Flüssigkeiten Kategorie 2 Achtung GHS hazard pictogramssrc="/GHS02.jpg" width="20" height="20" /> P210,P233, P240, P241, P242, P243,P280, P303+ P361+P353, P370+P378,P403+P235, P501
H319 Verursacht schwere Augenreizung. Schwere Augenreizung Kategorie 2 Warnung GHS hazard pictogramssrc="/GHS07.jpg" width="20" height="20" /> P264, P280, P305+P351+P338,P337+P313P
H336 Kann Schl?frigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen. Spezifische Zielorgan-Toxizit?t (einmalige Exposition) Kategorie 3 (Schl?frigkeit und Benommenheit) Warnung P261, P271, P304+P340, P312,P403+P233, P405, P501
Sicherheit
P210 Von Hitze, hei?en Oberfl?chen, Funken, offenen Flammen und anderen Zündquellenarten fernhalten. Nicht rauchen.
P233 Beh?lter dicht verschlossen halten.
P240 Beh?lter und zu befüllende Anlage erden.
P241 Explosionsgeschützte [elektrische/Lüftungs-/ Beleuchtungs-/...] Ger?te verwenden.
P242 Nur funkenfreies Werkzeug verwenden.
P305+P351+P338 BEI KONTAKT MIT DEN AUGEN: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach M?glichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.

Methylacetat Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD

FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.

PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN

Die D?mpfe sind schwerer als Luft und k?nnen sich am Boden ausbreiten. Fernzündung m?glich.

CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN

Zersetzung beim Erhitzen unter Einfluss von Luft, Basen, starken Oxidationsmitteln, UV-Licht. Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr. Starkes Reduktionsmittel. Reagiert mit Oxidationsmitteln. Greift viele Metalle in Gegenwart von Wasser an. Greift Kunststoffe an.

ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE

TLV: 200 ppm (als TWA); 250 ppm (als STEL); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 100 ppm, 310 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor I(4); Schwangerschaft: Gruppe C; (DFG 2005).

AUFNAHMEWEGE

Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation der D?mpfe.

INHALATIONSGEFAHREN

Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann schnell eine gesundheitssch?dliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten.

WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION

WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz reizt die Augen und die Atemwege. M?glich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystem mit nachfolgender Bewusstseinstrübung. Exposition weit oberhalb der Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerte kann zum Tod führen.

WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION

Die Flüssigkeit entfettet die Haut. M?glich sind Auswirkungen auf den Sehnerv mit nachfolgenden Sehst?rungen.

LECKAGE

Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit m?glichst in abdichtbaren Beh?ltern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen. Pers?nliche Schutzausrüstung: Umgebungsluftunabh?ngiges Atemschutzger?t.

R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:

R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R36:Reizt die Augen.
R66:Wiederholter Kontakt kann zu spr?der oder rissiger Haut führen.
R67:D?mpfe k?nnen Schl?frigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen.

S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:

S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S29:Nicht in die Kanalisation gelangen lassen.
S33:Ma?nahmen gegen elektrostatische Aufladungen treffen.

Beschreibung

Methyl acetate, also known as MeOAc , acetic acid methyl ester or methyl ethanoate, is a carboxylate ester with the formula CH3COOCH3. It is a flammable liquid with a characteristically pleasant smell reminiscent of some glues and nail polish removers. Methyl acetate is occasionally used as a solvent, being weakly polar and lipophilic, but its close relative ethyl acetate is a more common solvent being less toxic and less soluble in water. Methyl acetate has a solubility of 25% in water at room temperature. At elevated temperature its solubility in water is much higher. Methyl acetate is not stable in the presence of strong aqueous bases or aqueous acids. Methyl acetate is VOC exempt.

Chemische Eigenschaften

Methyl acetate has a pleasant, fruity odor and slightly bitter flavor. May be prepared by boiling acetic acid and methanol in the presence of acid catalysts; or by heating methanol with an excess carbon monoxide under pressure in the presence of a catalyst (phosphoric acid, cobalt salts).
Methyl acetate occurs naturally in low concentrations in mint, fungus,grapes, banana, coffee (Furia and Bellanca, 1975) and is a volatile constituent of nectarines (Takeoka et al., 1988). It is also present in some distilled alcoholic beverages (Shimoda et al., 1993). It is produced industrially via the carbonylation of methanol as a byproduct of acetic acid production or by esterification of acetic acid with methanol in the presence of strong acid such as sulfuric acid.

Physikalische Eigenschaften

Colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. An odor threshold concentration of 48 ppbv was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990). Cometto-Mu?iz and Cain (1991) reported an average nasal pungency threshold concentration of 112,500 ppmv.

Occurrence

Reported found in apple, banana, sweet and sour cherry, tangerine juice, black currants, guava, grapes, melon, peach, pear, pineapple, strawberry, cabbage, tomato, clove bud, peppermint oil, vinegar, bread, cheeses, butter, yogurt, beef, beer, cognac, rum, whiskies, cider, sherry, grape wines, cocoa, coffee, filbert, peanut, honey, soybean, olive, passion fruit, fruit brandies, fig, gin, kiwifruit, clary sage, arrack and nectarine.

Verwenden

Methyl acetate is used as a solvent forlacquers, resins, oils, and nitrocellulose; inpaint removers; as a flavoring agent; and inthe manufacture of artificial leather.

synthetische

Methyl acetate is produced industrially via the carbonylation of methanol as a byproduct of the production of acetic acid.Methyl acetate also arises by esterification of acetic acid with methanol in the presence of strong acids such as sulfuric acid, this production process is famous because of Eastman Kodak's intensified process using a reactive distillation.
2–1-Reactions
In the presence of strong bases such as sodium hydroxide or strong acids such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid it is hydrolyzed back into methanol and acetic acid, especially at elevated temperature. The conversion of methyl acetate back into its components, by an acid , is a first-order reaction with respect to the ester. The reaction of methyl acetate and a base, for example sodium hydroxide, is a second-order reaction with respect to both reactants.
3-Applications
A major use of methyl acetate is as a volatile low toxicity solvent in glues, paints, and nail polish removers. Acetic anhydride is produced by carbonylation of methyl acetate in a process that was inspired by the Monsanto acetic acid synthesis.

Application

Methyl acetate may be used for the preparation of fatty acid methyl esters and triacetin from rapeseed oil via non-catalytic trans-esterification reaction under super-critical conditions.
Methyl acetate may be used in the following:
As acyl acceptor in the preparation of biodiesel.
Synthesis of ethanol.
Preparation of n-butyl acetate, via transesterification reaction with n-butanol in the presence of acidic catalysts.
It may also be used as a precursor in the synthesis of the following:
acetic anhydride
methyl acrylate
vinyl acetate
ethyl amide

Definition

ChEBI: Methyl acetate is an acetate ester resulting from the formal condensation of acetic acid with methanol. A low-boiling (57°C) colourless, flammable liquid, it is used as a solvent for many resins and oils. It has a role as a polar aprotic solvent, a fragrance and an EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor. It is an acetate ester, a methyl ester and a volatile organic compound.

Allgemeine Beschreibung

Methyl acetate appears as a clear colorless liquid with a fragrant odor. Moderately toxic. Flash point 14 °F. Vapors heavier than air.

Air & Water Reaktionen

Highly flammable. Water soluble.

Reaktivit?t anzeigen

Methyl acetate presents a fire or explosion hazard when exposed to strong oxidizing agents. Emits irritating fumes and acrid smoke when heated to decomposition, [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 826]. Methyl acetate reactivity is consistent with other compounds of the ester group.

Hazard

Flammable, dangerous fire and explosion risk, explosive limits in air 3–16%. Irritant to respiratory tract. Headache, dizziness, nausea, eye damage (degeneration of ganglion cells in the retina).

Health Hazard

(Very similar to those of methyl alcohol, which constitutes 20% of commercial grade.) Inhalation causes headache, fatigue, and drowsiness; high concentrations can produce central nervous system depression and optic nerve damage. Liquid irritates eyes and may cause defatting and cracking of skin. Ingestion causes headache, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue; may cause severe eye damage.

Brandgefahr

Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel a considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back.

Sicherheitsprofil

Moderately toxic by several routes. A human systemic irritant by inhalation. A moderate skin and eye irritant. Mutation data reported. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. Moderate explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes. See also ESTERS.

m?gliche Exposition

Methyl acetate is used as a solvent in lacquers and paint removers; and as an intermediate in pharmaceutical manufacture.

Environmental Fate

Photolytic. A rate constant of 2.00 x 10-13 cm3/molecule?sec was reported for the reaction of methyl acetate and OH radicals in aqueous solution (Wallington et al., 1988b).
Chemical/Physical. Slowly hydrolyzes in water yielding methyl alcohol and acetic acid (NIOSH, 1997). The estimated hydrolysis half-life in water at 25 °C and pH 7 is 2.5 yr (Mabey and Mill, 1978).
At an influent concentration of 1,030 mg/L, treatment with GAC resulted in an effluent concentration of 760 mg/L. The adsorbability of the carbon used was 54 mg/g carbon (Guisti et al., 1974).

Versand/Shipping

UN1231 Methyl acetate, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.

l?uterung methode

Methanol in methyl acetate can be detected by measuring its solubility in water. At 20o, the solubility of methyl acetate in water is ca 35g per 100mL, but 1% MeOH confers complete miscibility. Methanol can be removed by conversion to methyl acetate, by refluxing for 6hours with acetic anhydride (85mL/L), followed by fractional distillation. Acidic impurities can be removed by shaking with anhydrous K2CO3 and distilling. An alternative treatment is with acetyl chloride, followed by washing with concentrated NaCl and drying with CaO or MgSO4. (Solid CaCl2 cannot be used because it forms a crystalline addition compound.) Distillation from copper stearate destroys peroxides. Free alcohol or acid can be eliminated from methyl acetate by shaking with strong aqueous Na2CO3 or K2CO3 (three times), then with aqueous 50% CaCl2 (three times), saturated aqueous NaCl (twice), drying with K2CO3 and distilling it from P2O5. [Beilstein 2 IV 122.]

Inkompatibilit?ten

Vapor may form explosive mixture with air. A Strong reducing agent. Incompatible water, acids, nitrates, strong oxidizers; alkalis. Attacks some plastics. Attacks many metals in presence of water. Reacts slowly with water, forming acetic acid and methanol. Decomposes in heat; on contact with air, bases, strong oxidizers; UV-light; possible fire and explosion hazard

Waste disposal

Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.

Methylacetat Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Upstream-Materialien

Downstream Produkte


Methylacetat Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb H?ndler.

Global( 611)Lieferanten
Firmenname Telefon E-Mail Land Produktkatalog Edge Rate
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+86-85511178; +86-85511178;
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79-20-9(Methylacetat)Verwandte Suche:


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