Novobiocinnatrium Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R43:Sensibilisierung durch Hautkontakt m?glich.
R36:Reizt die Augen.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R20/21/22:Gesundheitssch?dlich beim Einatmen,Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
crystalline
Verwenden
Novobiocin is an antibiotic that acts as an inhibitor of bacterial DNA gyrase and eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase. Studies show that Novobiocin is also an inhibitor of retrovirus RNA-dependent DNA-polymerase. Novobiocin is used in the production of positively supercoiled plasmid DNA.
Novobiocin sodium salt is twice as bioavailable as the calcium salt and 50 times more available than the parent acid.
Clinical Use
The action of novobiocin is largely bacteriostatic. Itsmode of action is not known with certainty, though it doesinhibit bacterial protein and nucleic acid synthesis. Studiesindicate that novobiocin and related coumarin-containingantibiotics bind to the subunit of DNA gyrase and possiblyinterfere with DNA supercoiling and energy transductionin bacteria. The effectiveness of novobiocin is confinedlargely to Gram-positive bacteria and a few strains of P. vulgaris.Its low activity against Gram-negative bacteria is apparentlybecause of poor cellular penetration.
Although cross-resistance to other antibiotics is reportednot to develop with novobiocin, resistant S. aureus strainsare known. Consequently, the medical use of novobiocin isreserved for the treatment of staphylococcal infections resistantto other antibiotics and sulfas and for patients allergicto these drugs. Another shortcoming that limits the usefulnessof novobiocin is the relatively high frequency ofadverse reactions, such as urticaria, allergic rashes, hepatotoxicity,and blood dyscrasias.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by
intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes.
Moderately toxic by ingestion. Mutation data
reported. An antibiotic with serious side
effects which include liver and blood
disease. It may also promote the
development of resistant strains of
staphylococcus. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx
and Na2O.
l?uterung methode
The sodium salt has been recrystallised from MeOH, then dried at 60o/0.5mm. [Sensi et al, Anal Chem 29 1611 1957, Kaczka et al. J Am Chem Soc 78 4126 1956, Beilstein 18/8 IV 8125.]
Novobiocinnatrium Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
