4-Chlor-3-methylphenol Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
WEISSE ODER LEICHT ROSAFARBENE, HYGROSKOPISCHE KRISTALLE ODER KRISTALLINES PULVER.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger und ?tzender Rauche mit Chlorwasserstoff und Phosgen.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: IIb (nicht festgelegt, aber Informationen vorhanden) Sensibilisierung der Haut; (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfung bei 20°C vernachl?ssigbar; eine gesundheitssch?dliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch schnell erreicht werden.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt Augen, Haut und Atemwege.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Hautkontakt kann zu Hautsensibilisierung führen.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in abdichtbaren Beh?ltern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. An sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Pers?nliche Schutzausrüstung: Chemikalienschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabh?ngigem Atemschutzger?t.
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R21/22:Gesundheitssch?dlich bei Berührung mit der Haut und beim Verschlucken.
R41:Gefahr ernster Augensch?den.
R43:Sensibilisierung durch Hautkontakt m?glich.
R50:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen.
R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R38:Reizt die Haut.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn m?glich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S7:Beh?lter dicht geschlossen halten.
S28:Bei Berührung mit der Haut sofort abwaschen mit viel . . . (vom Hersteller anzugeben).
Chemische Eigenschaften
white or pink crystals
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Colorless, white, or pinkish crystals with a slight phenolic odor. On exposure to air it slowly
becomes light brown.
Verwenden
4-Chloro-3-methylphenol has been used in paint formulations.
Vorbereitung Methode
Chlorocresol is prepared by the chlorination of m-cresol.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A pinkish to white crystalline solid with a phenolic odor. Melting point 64-66°C. Shipped as a solid or in a liquid carrier. Soluble in aqueous base. Toxic by ingestion, inhalation or skin absorption. Used as an external germicide. Used as a preservative in paints and inks.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Hygroscopic. Soluble in aqueous base.
Reaktivit?t anzeigen
4-Chloro-3-methylphenolS are incompatible with bases, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, and oxidizing agents. Corrodes steel, brass, copper and copper alloys .
Hazard
Irritant to skin.
Health Hazard
Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
Brandgefahr
Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form.
Pharmazeutische Anwendungen
Chlorocresol is used as an antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics
and pharmaceutical formulations. It is generally used in concentrations
up to 0.2% in a variety of preparations except those intended
for oral administration or that contact mucous membrane.
Chlorocresol is effective against bacteria, spores, molds, and yeasts;
it is most active in acidic media. Preservative efficacy may be
reduced in the presence of some other excipients, particularly
nonionic surfactants.
Kontakt-Allergie
Chlorocresol is a biocide used for its disinfectant and
preservative properties, in topicals or cutting fluid.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by intravenous,
subcutaneous, and intraperitoneal routes.
Moderately toxic by ingestion. An allergen.
Mutation data reported. Incompatible with
sodium hydroxide. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl
and phosgene. See also CRESOL and
CHLOROPHENOLS.
m?gliche Exposition
Chlorinated phenol fungicide, microbiocide, and germicide used to control bacteria, yeasts, and
fungi.
Environmental Fate
Biological. When p-chloro-m-cresol was statically incubated in the dark at 25 °C with yeast
extract and settled domestic wastewater inoculum, significant biodegradation with rapid
adaptation was observed. At concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/L, 78 and 76% biodegradation,
respectively, were observed after 7 d (Tabak et al., 1981).
Chemical/Physical. At influent concentrations (pH 3.0) of 1.0, 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 mg/L, the
GAC adsorption capacities were 122, 63, 32, and 17 mg/g, respectively. At pH 5.5 and pH 9.0 at
influent concentrations of 1.0, 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 mg/L, the GAC adsorption capacities were 124,
85, 58, and 40 mg/g and 99, 38, 15, and 5.5 mg/g, respectively (Dobbs and Cohen, 1980).
Lager
Chlorocresol is stable at room temperature but is volatile in steam.
Aqueous solutions may be sterilized by autoclaving. On exposure to
air and light, aqueous solutions may become yellow colored.
Solutions in oil or glycerin may be sterilized by heating at 1608℃ for
1 hour. The bulk material should be stored in a well-closed
container, protected from light, in a cool, dry place.
Versand/Shipping
UN2669 Chlorocresols solution, Hazard Class:
6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials. UN3437 Chlorocresols
solid, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
l?uterung methode
Crystallise the phenol from pet ether or *C6H6. [Beilstein 6 H 381, 6 I 187, 6 II 355, 6 III 1315, 6 IV 2064.]
Inkompatibilit?ten
Chlorocresols react with boranes, alkalies, aliphatic amines, amides, nitric acid, sulfuric acid.
Contact with oxidizing agents may cause a fire and explosion hazard. Heat produces phosgene, hydrogen chloride
and chlorine gases. Corrosive to aluminum, copper, tin, and
other chemically active metals.
Waste disposal
A good candidate for rotary
kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1600C
and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and
hours for solids.
Regulatory Status
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (topical creams
and emulsions). Included in nonparenteral and parenteral medicines
licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable
Non-medicinal Ingredients.
In Europe, chlorocresol is approved for use in cosmetics at a
maximum concentration of 0.2%; however, it is prohibited for use
in products intended to come into contact with mucous membranes.
In Japan, use of chlorocresol in cosmetics is restricted to a level of
0.5 g/100 g.
4-Chlor-3-methylphenol Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte