Product Name:Brefeldin A

CAS No.:20350-15-6

Synonyms:(+)-Brefeldin A;Ascotoxin; Brefeldin;Cyanaein;Cyanein;Decumbin;Nectrolide;Synergisidin

Chemical Name:1,6,7,8,9,11aβ,12,13,14,14αa-Decahydro-1β,13α-dihydroxy-6β-methyl-4H-cyclopent(f)oxacyclotridecin-4-one

Molecular Formula:C16H24O4

Formula Weight:280.36

Purity:≥98% (HPLC)

Appearance:White to off-white powder

Solubility:Soluble in acetone, DMSO, methanol or ethyl acetate (1mg/ml).

Short Term Storage:+4°C

Long Term Storage:-20°C

Use/Stability:Stable for at least 1 year after receipt when stored at -20°C. After reconstitution protect from light at -20°C.

Biological Activity:
Reversible inhibitor of protein translocation from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. Blocks binding of ADP-ribosylation factor to the Golgi apparatus and inhibits GDP-GTP exchange. Can be used to induce autophagy in mammalian cells. Also enhances CRISPR-mediated homology-directed repair efficiency ~2-fold when applied at 100 nM, in human induced pluripotent stem cells.

References:
1.Decumbin, a new compound from a species of Penicillium: V.L. Singleton, et al.; Nature 181, 1072 (1958)
2.Novel blockade by brefeldin A of intracellular transport of secretory proteins in cultured rat hepatocytes: Y. Misumi, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 261, 11398 (1986)
3.Brefeldin A causes disassembly of the Golgi complex and accumulation of secretory proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum: T. Fujiwara, et al.; J. Biol. Chem. 263, 18545 (1988)
4.Brefeldin A and the endocytic pathway. Possible implications for membrane traffic and sorting: W. Hunziker, et al.; FEBS Lett. 307, 93 (1992) (Review)
5.Brefeldin A is a potent inducer of apoptosis in human cancer cells independently of p53: R.G. Shao, et al.; Exp. Cell Res. 227, 190 (1996)
6.Inhibition by brefeldin A of a Golgi membrane enzyme that catalyses exchange of guanine nucleotide bound to ARF: J.B. Helms & J.E. Rothman; Nature 360, 352 (1992)
7.Brefeldin A: deciphering an enigmatic inhibitor of secretion: A. Nebenfuhr, et al.; Plant Physiol. 130, 1102 (2002) (Review)
8.Biological effects of the antibiotic brefeldin A (decumbin, cyanein, ascotoxin, synergisidin): a retrospective: V. Betina; Folia Microbiol. (Praha) 37, 3 (1992) (Review)
9.The cytotoxic agents NSC-95397, brefeldin A, bortezomib and sanguinarine induce apoptosis in neuroendocrine tumors in vitro: D.E. Larsson, et al.; Anticancer Res. 30, 149 (2010)

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