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Catalyst and Auxiliary

The catalyst can change the reaction rate in the chemical reaction, and the composition and the quality of the catalyst can be kept constant after the reaction. The catalyst that accelerates the reaction is called the positive catalyst, slows down called Negative Catalyst or slow agent. It said catalyst is a positive catalyst for the general correction. This kind of catalyst in the industry, especially the organic chemical industry used more, and has great significance, Such as sulfuric acid prepared by contacting, ammonia, hydrolysis of the ester and polysaccharide, Oil Hydrogenation, etc. Commonly used catalysts are mainly metal, metal oxide and inorganic acid. If the catalyst is solid, the substance of the reaction is gas, to form a multi-phase catalytic reaction, this catalyst, sometimes called catalyst or contact agent. The catalyst is generally selective, it can only make a reaction or a certain type of reaction to speed up. But some reaction can be used for a variety of catalysts, such as the hydrogenation reaction can often be platinum, palladium, nickel, should be carefully chosen. In the catalytic reaction, the catalyst is often added cocatalyst known to enhance catalytic action of the catalyst. For example, iron is a catalyst in ammonia industry, adding a small amount of potassium and aluminum can enhance the catalytic effect of iron. The composition and weight of the catalyst and cocatalyst cannot change before and after the reaction. All of the above are inorganic catalysts. The enzyme is a protein, is very important organic catalyst.

There are many kinds of catalyst, catalyst and reaction system according to the phase of the classification, there are two types of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Heterogeneous catalysts most widely used, there are 3 kinds of gas, liquid and solid state, the variety and application of solid catalyst. The solid catalyst, which is made of metal (nickel, platinum, palladium, chromium, cobalt, titanium, vanadium, etc.) or metal oxide (copper oxide, vanadium pentoxide, lead oxide), is dispersed and deposited on the carrier in order to obtain a good dispersion effect and increase the specific surface area. The catalyst requires reliable activity, stability, selectivity, long working life, not easy to poisoning and over-burning, easy to regenerate. In order to improve the catalytic efficiency, the pure metal catalysts are made into alloy catalysts (such as nickel aluminium alloy) and composite catalysts (ZieglerNatta). The composite catalyst is composed of main catalyst and co-catalyst. In the new efficient catalysts also add other components. The production and development of high efficiency catalyst have promoted the development of polymer materials, and produced much polymer function and structure material ,which is new generation of high performance and high added value.

With the extensive application of catalyst and a number of new catalysts, we can make a lot of new chemical reactions to achieve industrialization, in order to provide an increasing number of chemical products; also can make some of the original chemical reaction conditions have been improved, in order to improve the production efficiency and product quality, make full use of resources. The important subject in the field of modern chemistry and chemical research is to select and develop more and better catalyst for the new generation. But the role of a catalyst is not beneficial to humans, such as combustion products of supersonic jet fuel as a catalyst can cause the stratosphere (10 to 50 km altitude) decomposition of ozone in the atmosphere, to the sun's ultraviolet absorption decreased, resulting in some areas of skin cancer patients increased. Is developing a new supersonic jet fuel, its combustion products will not become a catalyst,which will cause the ozone decomposition catalyst in the stratosphere.

Additives are added in the industrial and agricultural production, especially in the chemical production of some of the auxiliary chemicals, its role is to improve the production process, improve product quality and yield, or to give the product a unique application performance.

Additive are large class of important chemical in the production of auxiliary raw materials, they can give a special performance to product, improve use of finished products; and can accelerate the chemical reaction rate, improve product yield; they can save raw materials, improve processing efficiency. Additives are widely used in the chemical industry, especially organic synthesis, synthetic material processing and petroleum refining, pesticide, medicine, dye, paint and other industrial sectors. Additives can be divided into synthesized additives and processing additives. Synthetic additives are used in monomer synthesis and polymerization of a variety of auxiliary agents in resin, fiber, rubber, etc. They include catalysts, initiators, solvents, dispersants, emulsifiers, polymerization inhibitors, regulators, termination agents, etc. Processing aid refers to the auxiliary chemicals used in the manufacture of raw rubber, plastics processing, chemical fiber spinning and spinning process, including plasticizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, light stabilizers , flame retardants, blowing agents, lubricants, mold release agents, curing agents, accelerators, softeners, anti-scorching agents, surfactants, oils, fillers, etc. In these additives, many of them are dangerous chemicals, Such as benzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, hydrogen peroxide - ferrous blue, alkyl aluminum chloride, titanium and other initiators, catalysts are inflammable and explosive materials, should be required to "chemical Dangerous Goods Safety Management Regulations", for storage, transportation, operation and use.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
peginterferon alpha-2a peginterferon alpha-2a
T-Lite SF-S T-Lite SF-S
DI-N-HEXYL PHTHALATE DI-N-HEXYL PHTHALATE 68515-50-4 C20H30O4
POLY(ACRYLIC ACID), SODIUM SALT-GRAFT-POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE) POLY(ACRYLIC ACID), SODIUM SALT-GRAFT-POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE) 27599-56-0 C5H8O3
Massoniresil Massoniresil 96087-10-4 C20H24O8
Sodium salt of polynaphthalene sulphonic acid Sodium salt of polynaphthalene sulphonic acid 36290-04-7 C11H10O4S
TBBPA carbonate oligomer BC58 TBBPA carbonate oligomer BC58 71342-77-3 C22H15Br7Cl2O4
Phenol, 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-, polymer with sulfur chloride (S2Cl2) Phenol, 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-, polymer with sulfur chloride (S2Cl2) 68555-98-6 C11H16Cl2OS2
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-(2-methyl-1-oxo-2-propenyl)-.omega.-(phosphonooxy)- Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-(2-methyl-1-oxo-2-propenyl)-.omega.-(phosphonooxy)- 35705-94-3 C6H11O6P
POLY(METHYL ACRYLATE) POLY(METHYL ACRYLATE) 9003-21-8 C4H6O2
TRIMETHYLOLPROPANE TRIS[POLY(PROPYLENE GLYCOL), AMINE TERMINATED] ETHER TRIMETHYLOLPROPANE TRIS[POLY(PROPYLENE GLYCOL), AMINE TERMINATED] ETHER 39423-51-3 C2H5C[CH2[OCH2CH(CH3)]nNH2]3
HMQ silicone resin HMQ silicone resin
4-arM Poly(ethylene glycol) succiniMidyl este 4-arM Poly(ethylene glycol) succiniMidyl este
Novel 2-arM Methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) Novel 2-arM Methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)
Y-shape poly(ethylene glycol) aldehyde Y-shape poly(ethylene glycol) aldehyde
Y-shape poly(ethylene glycol) glycidyl ether Y-shape poly(ethylene glycol) glycidyl ether
α-Allyl-ω-aMino poly(ethylene glycol) α-Allyl-ω-aMino poly(ethylene glycol)
α-Carboxyl-ω-azido poly(ethylene glycol) α-Carboxyl-ω-azido poly(ethylene glycol)
Fluorescent brightener HDT-1 Fluorescent brightener HDT-1
Tris-(2.4-lert-butyl Tris-(2.4-lert-butyl
Fluorescent brightener BSU Fluorescent brightener BSU
Fluorescent brightener CEF Fluorescent brightener CEF
Antioxidant 2088 Antioxidant 2088 C25H44OS2
Fluorescent brightener OB-P Fluorescent brightener OB-P
POLY(PROPYLENE GLYCOL) POLY(PROPYLENE GLYCOL) 25791-96-2 HO(C3H6O)nCH[CH2(OC3H6)nOH]2
gelucire 44-14 gelucire 44-14 121548-04-7
CALCOFLUOR WHITE RWP CALCOFLUOR WHITE RWP 8066-05-5 C14H17NNa2O6S
Poly(β-pinene) resin Poly(β-pinene) resin
Carbomer 940 Carbomer 940 76050-42-5 (C3H4O2)n
POLY(ACRYLIC ACID-CO-ACRYLAMIDE), POTASSIUM SALT POLY(ACRYLIC ACID-CO-ACRYLAMIDE), POTASSIUM SALT 31212-13-2 C6H8KNO3
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) 25086-15-1 (C5H8O2.C4H6O2)x
40W resin 40W resin
Z-COTE HP 1 Z-COTE HP 1
2-arM Methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) succiniMidyl ester (Lysine) 2-arM Methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) succiniMidyl ester (Lysine)
4-arM Poly(ethylene glycol) aMine 4-arM Poly(ethylene glycol) aMine
Novel 2-arM Methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) alkyne Novel 2-arM Methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) alkyne
Y-shape poly(ethylene glycol) Methacrylate Y-shape poly(ethylene glycol) Methacrylate
α,ω-DiforMyl poly(ethylene glycol) α,ω-DiforMyl poly(ethylene glycol)
α-Allyl-ω-forMyl poly(ethylene glycol) α-Allyl-ω-forMyl poly(ethylene glycol)
α-MaleiMidyl-ω-hydroxyl Poly(ethylene glycol) α-MaleiMidyl-ω-hydroxyl Poly(ethylene glycol)
Mercaptopolyethylene glycol monomethyl etherPEG-thiol Mercaptopolyethylene glycol monomethyl etherPEG-thiol 401916-61-8 C7H18O4S
Polyethylene glycol di-p-toluenesulfonate, M.W. 1,000 Polyethylene glycol di-p-toluenesulfonate, M.W. 1,000
Macroporous resin AB-8 Macroporous resin AB-8
Phenyl silicone resin interMediate Phenyl silicone resin interMediate
AiO2 Nanoparticles AiO2 Nanoparticles
Poly(ethyleneglycol) 2-[ethyl[(heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]amino]ethyl ether Poly(ethyleneglycol) 2-[ethyl[(heptadecafluorooctyl)sulfonyl]amino]ethyl ether 29117-08-6 C14H14F17NO4S
α-ForMyl-ω-aMino poly(ethylene glycol) α-ForMyl-ω-aMino poly(ethylene glycol)
α-Azido-ω-aMino poly(ethylene glycol) α-Azido-ω-aMino poly(ethylene glycol)
POLY(STYRENE-CO-MALEIC ACID), PARTIAL PROPYL ESTER, CUMENE TERMINATED POLY(STYRENE-CO-MALEIC ACID), PARTIAL PROPYL ESTER, CUMENE TERMINATED 160611-48-3 C24H30O4
POLY(ETHYLENE-ALT-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE) POLY(ETHYLENE-ALT-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE) 9006-26-2 C18H18O9X2
ADIPIC ACID HEPTYLNONYL ESTER ADIPIC ACID HEPTYLNONYL ESTER 68515-75-3 C22H42O4
POLY(PROPYLENE GLYCOL) (300) MONOMETHACRYLATE POLY(PROPYLENE GLYCOL) (300) MONOMETHACRYLATE 39420-45-6 (C3H6O)nC4H6O2
POLY(2-ETHYLHEXYL METHACRYLATE) POLY(2-ETHYLHEXYL METHACRYLATE) 25719-51-1 C12H22O2
Polyquaternium-32 Polyquaternium-32 35429-19-7 (C9H18NO2.C3H5NO.Cl)x
Poly-tert-butylphenoldisulfide Poly-tert-butylphenoldisulfide 60303-68-6 C10H14Cl2OS2
Insoluble sulfur Insoluble sulfur 9035-99-8 S
Macergo 4000 Macergo 4000
Methacrylic acid, polymer with butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate Methacrylic acid, polymer with butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate 25035-69-2 C16H26O6
POLYHYDROXYSTEARIC ACID POLYHYDROXYSTEARIC ACID 27924-99-8 C18H36O3
DEA-C8-18 PERFLUOROALKYLETHYL PHOSPHATE DEA-C8-18 PERFLUOROALKYLETHYL PHOSPHATE 65530-63-4 C11H28F3N2O8P
Antioxidant 719 Antioxidant 719
Fluorescent Brightener VBA Fluorescent Brightener VBA C40H36N12O14S4Na4
Nonylphenoxypolyethanol-iodine complex Nonylphenoxypolyethanol-iodine complex 11096-42-7 C17H28I2O2
Antioxidant ZM-405 Antioxidant ZM-405
Fluorescent whitening agent for plastic Fluorescent whitening agent for plastic
Polyacrylic resin Ⅱ Polyacrylic resin Ⅱ
Polyethylene glycol fatty acid Polyethylene glycol fatty acid
Merrifield resin Merrifield resin
Antioxidant 2246-A Antioxidant 2246-A
Chelating resin Chelating resin
Antioxidant 3.5 methyl ester Antioxidant 3.5 methyl ester C18H28O3
Fluorescent brightener V4BM Fluorescent brightener V4BM
coupling agent NBC-1 coupling agent NBC-1
Rubber aromatic oil Rubber aromatic oil
Fluorescent brightener PSW-201 Fluorescent brightener PSW-201
Fluorescent brightener KOB Fluorescent brightener KOB
Antioxidant 2246-A Antioxidant 2246-A
Polyethylene Glycol(200)di(β-(4(pacetyl phenyl) piperazine))propionate Polyethylene Glycol(200)di(β-(4(pacetyl phenyl) piperazine))propionate 71512-90-8 (C2H4O)nC18H20N2O3
POLY(N-BUTYL METHACRYLATE) POLY(N-BUTYL METHACRYLATE) 9003-63-8 C8H14O2
POLY(MELAMINE-CO-FORMALDEHYDE), BUTYLATED POLY(MELAMINE-CO-FORMALDEHYDE), BUTYLATED 68002-25-5 C4H8N6O
POLYETHYLENE, CHLORINATED POLYETHYLENE, CHLORINATED 64754-90-1
PORAPAK P   (100-120 MESH ASTM)  FOR GC PORAPAK P (100-120 MESH ASTM) FOR GC 9052-95-3 C28H30
DUOLITE C-26 ION-EXCHANGE RESIN DUOLITE C-26 ION-EXCHANGE RESIN 68441-33-8 (C10H10.C8H8.Na)x
TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE RESIN, 1% DVB; 100-200 MESH; 1-1.5 MMOL/G TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE RESIN, 1% DVB; 100-200 MESH; 1-1.5 MMOL/G
POLY(STYRENE-CO-METHYL METHACRYLATE) POLY(STYRENE-CO-METHYL METHACRYLATE) 25034-86-0 C13H16O2
Petroleum resins Petroleum resins 64742-16-1
Fluorescent brightener  140 Fluorescent brightener 140 61968-71-6 C14H17NO2
chelate resin chelate resin
METHYL GLUCETH-20 METHYL GLUCETH-20 68239-42-9 C15H30O10
SODIUM STYRENE/ACRYLATES COPOLYMER SODIUM STYRENE/ACRYLATES COPOLYMER 9010-92-8 C12H14O2
STEARETH-10 ALLYL ETHER/ACRYLATES COPOLYMER STEARETH-10 ALLYL ETHER/ACRYLATES COPOLYMER 109292-17-3 C32H60O6
POLYGLYCERYL-10 DIISOSTEARATE POLYGLYCERYL-10 DIISOSTEARATE 63705-03-3 C39H80O7
Fluorescent Brightener 368 Fluorescent Brightener 368 117313-08-3 C44H77NO12
Fluorescent Brightener BSL Fluorescent Brightener BSL
Fluorescent Brightener BF Fluorescent Brightener BF C1634N12Na2O8S2
Antioxidant HS-911 Antioxidant HS-911
Fluorescent brightener HL Fluorescent brightener HL
Fluorescent brightener PS-1 Fluorescent brightener PS-1
N,N,N',N'-Tetraphenyl diaminomethane N,N,N',N'-Tetraphenyl diaminomethane C25H22N2
Antioxidant AM Antioxidant AM (C15H15N)n
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