A widely used chemical with potential thyroid-disrupting properties. Used in toxicology studies as well as risk assessment studies of food contamination that occurs via migration of phthalates into foodstuffs from food-contact materials (FCM).
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ChEBI: The diisononyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.
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Oily colorless liquid with a slight ester odor. Denser than water. Insoluble in water.
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Insoluble in water.
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Diisononyl phthalate reacts exothermically with acids to generate isononyl alcohol and phthalic acid. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by interaction with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing with alkali metals and hydrides. Can generate electrostatic charges. [Handling Chemicals Safely, 1980. p. 250].
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Produces no ill effects at normal temperatures, but may give off irritating vapors at high temperatures.
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Diisononyl phthalate is combustible.
Purification Methods
Wash the ester with aqueous Na2CO3 then shake it with water. Ether is added to break the emulsion, and the solution is washed twice with water, and dried (CaCl2). After evaporating the ether, the residual liquid is distilled three times under reduced pressure. It is stored in a vacuum desiccator over P2O5. [Beilstein 9 IV 3183.]
