(1 alpha, 2 alpha, 3 beta,4 alpha, 5 beta, 6 beta)-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorcyclohexan Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
KRISTALLINES PULVER MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Bei Feuer Zersetzung unter Bildung giftiger Rauche mit Phosgen (s. ICSC 0007) und Chlorwasserstoff (s. ICSC 0163). Reagiert mit Basen.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 0,5 mg/m?(Einatembare Fraktion), Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor II(8); Hautresorption (DFG 2006).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den K?rper durch Inhalation des Aerosols, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfung bei 20°C vernachl?ssigbar; eine gesundheitssch?dliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: M?glich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystem.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
M?glich sind Auswirkungen auf Blut und Leber. M?glicherweise krebserzeugend für den Menschen.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in Beh?ltern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgf?ltig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Pers?nliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzger?t, P2-Filter für sch?dliche Partikel.
R-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
R21:Gesundheitssch?dlich bei Berührung mit der Haut.
R25:Giftig beim Verschlucken.
R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.
R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gew?ssern l?ngerfristig sch?dliche Wirkungen haben.
R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
S-S?tze Betriebsanweisung:
S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn m?glich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Beh?lter sind als gef?hrlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S7:Beh?lter dicht geschlossen halten.
Chemische Eigenschaften
BHC is a white-to-brownish crystalline solid
with a musty, phosgene-like odor.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Brownish to white monoclinic prisms, crystalline solid or powder with a phosgene-like odor
(technical grade). An odor threshold concentration of 88 μg/kg was reported by Sigworth (1964).
Verwenden
α-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane is an organochloride which is one of the isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane and is an byproduct of insecticide Lindane (L465990).
Allgemeine Beschreibung
White crystalline powder.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water.
Reaktivit?t anzeigen
Halogenated aliphatic compounds, such as ALPHA-HCH, are moderately or very reactive. Reactivity generally decreases with increased degree of substitution of halogen for hydrogen atoms. Materials in this group may be incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also, they may be incompatible with many amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides.
Health Hazard
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: Carcinogen. Toxic. Irritant. Hazardous decomposition product.
Brandgefahr
Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.
Sicherheitsprofil
ConfEmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic,
tumorigenic, and neoplastigenic data. Poison
by ingestion. Mutation data reported. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of Cl-. See also BENZENE
HEXACHLORIDE and other
benzenehexachloride entries.
m?gliche Exposition
The major commercial usage of BHC
is based upon its insecticidal properties. α-BCH is used as
an Agricultural chemical, pesticide, pharmaceutical, and
veterinary drug. The 7-isomer has the highest acute toxic ity, but the other isomers are not without activity. It is gen erally advantageous to purify the 7-isomer from the less
active isomers. The γ-isomer acts on the nervous system of
insects, principally at the level of the nerve ganglia. As a
result, lindane has been used against insects in a wide range
of applications including treatment of animals, buildings,
humans for ectoparasites, clothes; water for mosquitoes;
living plants; seeds and soils. Some applications have been
abandoned due to excessive residues, e.g., stored food stuffs. By voluntary action, the principal domestic producer
of technical grade BHC requested cancellation of its BHC
registrations on September 1, 1976. As of July 21, 1978, all
registrants of pesticide products containing BHC voluntar ily canceled their registrations or switched their former
BHC products to lindane formulations.
Environmental Fate
Biological. Clostridium sphenoides degraded α-BHC to δ-3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-1-cyclo hexane (Heritage and MacRae, 1977a). In four successive 7-day incubation periods, α-
BHC (5 and 10 mg/L) was recalcitrant to degradation in a settled domestic wastewater
inoculum (Tabak et al., 1981).
Soil. Under aerobic conditions, indigenous microbes in contaminated soil produced
pentachlorocyclohexane. However, under methanogenic conditions, α-BHC was converted
to chlorobenzene, 3,5-dichlorophenol and the tentatively identified compound 2,4
Photolytic. When an aqueous solution containing α-BHC was photooxidized by UV
light at 90–95°C, 25, 50 and 75% degraded to carbon dioxide after 4.2, 24.2 and 40.0
hours, respectively (Knoevenagel and Himmelreich, 1976). In basic, aqueous solution
Chemical/Physical. Emits very toxic chloride fumes when heated to decomposition
(Lewis, 1990). α-BHC will hydrolyze via trans-dehydrochlorination of the axial chlorines
resulting in the formation of hydrochloric acid and the intermediate 1,3,4,5,6-pentachlo rocyclo-hexene. The intermediate will undergo further hydrolysis resulting in the formation
of 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and hydrochloric acid (Kollig, 1993).
Versand/Shipping
UN2761 Organochlorine pesticides, solid, toxic,
Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
l?uterung methode
Crystallise it from EtOH. Purify it also by zone melting. Possible CANCER AGENT, TOXIC. [: Beilstein 1 H 23, : Beilstein 5 I 8, many isomers : Beilstein 5 III 41, 5 IV 55.]
Inkompatibilit?ten
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explo sions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Decomposes on contact
with powdered iron, aluminum, zinc, and on contact with
strong bases producing trichlorobenzene.
Waste disposal
A process has been developed
for the destructive pyrolysis of benzene hexachloride @
400 500℃ with a catalyst mixture which contains 5 10%
of either cupric chloride, ferric chloride; zinc chloride; or
aluminum chloride on activated carbon.
(1 alpha, 2 alpha, 3 beta,4 alpha, 5 beta, 6 beta)-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorcyclohexan Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
