| Identification | More | [Name]
1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE | [CAS]
99-35-4 | [Synonyms]
1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE
TNB
1,3,5-trinitro-benzen
Benzene,1,3,5-trinitro-
benzite
Rcra waste number U234
rcrawastenumberu234
s-Trinitrobenzene
symmetrictrinitrobenzene
sym-trinitrobenzene
syn-Trinitrobenzene
Trinitrobenzeen
Trinitrobenzene
trinitrobenzene,[dry]
trinitrobenzene,wettedwithnotlessthan30%water
Trinitrobenzol
1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE,1X1ML, ACN 1000UG/ ML
1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE, 1X1ML, CH2CL2, 20 00UG/ML
1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE, 500MG, NEAT,WETTE
1,3,5-trinitrobenzene solution | [EINECS(EC#)]
202-752-7 | [Molecular Formula]
C6H3N3O6 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00059179 | [Molecular Weight]
213.1 | [MOL File]
99-35-4.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
Trinitrobenzene is a yellow crystalline solid. | [Melting point ]
122°C | [Boiling point ]
315°C | [density ]
d420 1.76; d4152 1.4775 | [refractive index ]
1.6600 (estimate) | [Fp ]
2℃ | [storage temp. ]
2-8°C | [solubility ]
Solubility Slightly soluble in water; soluble in ethanol | [form ]
crystals | [color ]
Light yellow | [PH Range]
12(colourless)-13.4(orange) | [Water Solubility ]
357.7mg/L(25 ºC) | [Merck ]
9726 | [Dielectric constant]
89.0（18℃） | [CAS DataBase Reference]
99-35-4(CAS DataBase Reference) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (99-35-4) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
E,T+,N,T,F | [Risk Statements ]
R1:Explosive when dry.
R26/27/28:Very Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed .
R33:Danger of cumulative effects.
R37/38:Irritating to respiratory system and skin .
R50/53:Very Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment .
R2:Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition.
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin .
R23/24/25:Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed .
R11:Highly Flammable.
R43:May cause sensitization by skin contact.
R41:Risk of serious damage to eyes.
R63:Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.
R45:May cause cancer. | [Safety Statements ]
S35:This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way .
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) .
S60:This material and/or its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste .
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet .
S27:Take off immediately all contaminated clothing .
S16:Keep away from sources of ignition-No smoking .
S36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves .
S24/25:Avoid contact with skin and eyes .
S23:Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapor/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer) .
S53:Avoid exposure-obtain special instruction before use . | [RIDADR ]
1354 | [WGK Germany ]
2 | [RTECS ]
DC3850000 | [HazardClass ]
1.1D | [PackingGroup ]
II | [Safety Profile]
Poison by ingestion and
intravenous routes. Mutation data reported.
A severe explosion hazard when shocked or
exposed to heat. Trinitrobenzene is
considered a powerful high explosive and
has more shattering power than TNT.
Although it is less sensitive to impact than
TNT, it is not used much because it is
difficult to produce. The complex with
potassium trimethyl stannate explodes at
room temperature. Forms heat-sensitive
explosive complexes with alkyl or aryl
metallates (e.g., lithium or potassium salts of
trimethyl-, triethyl-, or triphenyl-germanate,
-silanate, or -stamate). Can react vigorously
with reducing materials. When heated to
decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of
NOx and explodes. See also NITRO
COMPOUNDS of AROMATIC
HYDROCARBONS. | [Hazardous Substances Data]
99-35-4(Hazardous Substances Data) | [Toxicity]
LD50 orally in rats: 275 mg/kg (Toxicological Profile) |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [General Description]
A light yellow crystalline sludge or slurry. Burns but may require some effort to ignite. A high explosive when dry. Easily ignited and burns very vigorously when dry. Insoluble in water. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. | [Reactivity Profile]
Aromatic nitro compounds, such as TRINITROBENZENE, range from slight to strong oxidizing agents. If mixed with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides and nitrides, they may begin a vigorous reaction that culminates in a detonation. The aromatic nitro compounds may explode in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide even in the presence of water or organic solvents. The explosive tendencies of aromatic nitro compounds are increased by the presence of multiple nitro groups. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Insoluble in water. | [Health Hazard]
Some are toxic and may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. | [Potential Exposure]
Trinitrobenzene is explosive when dry.
Used as an explosive; as a vulcanizing agent for natural
rubber. Trinitrobenzene may be more powerful than TNT;
and is reported to be less sensitive to impact than TNT.
However it is difficult to produce, and is not used as widely
as TNT. | [First aid]
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,
begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including
resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical
facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical
attention. Give large quantities of water and induce
vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
| [Shipping]
UN0214 Trinitrobenzene, dry or wetted with
<30% water, by mass, Hazard Class: 1.1D; Labels:1.1DExplosives
(with a mass explosion hazard); D-Substances
or articles which may mass detonate (with blast and/or
fragment hazard) when exposed to fire. UN1354
Trinitrobenzene, wetted with not <30% water, by mass,
Hazard Class: 4.1; Labels: 4.1-Flammable solid. | [Incompatibilities]
Sensitive to shock and heat. Incompatible
with initiating explosives, combustible materials. Aromatic
nitro compounds, such as trinitrobenzene, range from slight to
strong oxidizing agents. Keep away from strong reducing
agents, including hydrides, alkali metals; aluminium and
other metal powder; phosphorus; sulfides and nitrides, alkaline
material, strong bases; contact may initiate vigorous reactions
that culminates in a detonation. The aromatic nitro
compounds may explode in the presence of a base such as
sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide even in the presence
of water or organic solvents. The aromatic nitro
compounds may explode in the presence of a base such as
sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide even in the presence
of water or organic solvents. Incompatible with
strong oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates,
perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact
may cause fires or explosions. | [Chemical Properties]
Trinitrobenzene is a yellow crystalline solid. | [Waste Disposal]
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
Dissolve in a combustible solvent and spray into an incinerator
equipped with afterburner and scrubber. | [Uses]
1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene can be used for direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry for fast screening of explosives. | [Uses]
Explosive. 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene is a vulcanizing agent for natural rubber. Indicator for pH 12.0-14.0.
| [Uses]
Trinitrobenzene is used as an explosive. It is obtained by oxidation of trinitrotoluene. | [Definition]
ChEBI: A trinitrobenzene in which each of the nitro groups is meta- to the other two. | [Synthesis Reference(s)]
The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 22, p. 1046, 1957 DOI: 10.1021/jo01360a012 | [Fire Hazard]
Trinitrobenzene is a high explosive, similar to trinitrotoluene. However, it is less sensitive to impact than the latter. Its brisance and power are higher than those of TNT. It detonates when heated rapidly. The dry material is highly sensitive to shock and heat.Slow and careful heating of a small amount of material does not cause detonation. Trinitrobenzene is a flammable solid. It reacts vigorously with reducing substances. It emits highly toxic oxides of nitrogen on decomposition.
. | [Synthesis]
One synthesis route of 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene is through the decarboxylation of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzoic acid (obtained from TNT by oxidation with chromic acid) by heating in aqueous medium. | [storage]
Storage and shipping are similar to those used for TNT and other high explosives. Trinitrobenzene is stored in a permanent magazine well separatedfrom initiator explosive, combustible and oxidizing materials, and heat sources. It is shipped in metal containers enclosed in wooden boxes or strong siftproof cloth or paper bags in amounts not exceeding 60 lb net weight (NFPA 1997). | [Purification Methods]
Crystallise it from glacial acetic acid, CHCl3, CCl4, EtOH aqueous EtOH or EtOH/*benzene, after (optionally) heating with dilute HNO3. Dry it in air. Fuse it and crystallise it under vacuum. [Beilstein 5 H 271, 5 I 140, 5 II 203, 5 III 643, 5 IV 754.] |
|