| Identification | More | [Name]
Ammonium dichromate | [CAS]
7789-09-5 | [Synonyms]
AMMONIUM BICHROMATE
AMMONIUM DICHROMATE
AMMONIUM PYROCHROMATE
CHROMIC ACID DIAMMONIUM SALT
ammonio(bicromatodi)
ammonio(dicromatodi)
ammonium(dichromated’)
ammonium(dichromated’)(french)
ammoniumbichromaat
ammoniumchromate((nh4)2cr2o7)
ammoniumdichromaat
ammoniumdichromat
Ammoniumdichromate(VI)
bichromated’ammonium
bichromated’ammonium(french)
chromicacid(h2cr2o7),diammoniumsalt
Chromicacid(H2Cr2O7)diammoniumsalt
chromicacid[h2cr2o7],diammoniumsalt
diammoniumdichromate
dichromicacid,diammoniumsalt | [EINECS(EC#)]
232-143-1 | [Molecular Formula]
Cr2H8N2O7 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00010879 | [Molecular Weight]
252.06 | [MOL File]
7789-09-5.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
Ammonium dichromate is a combustible,
orange-red crystalline solid which is used in solution. | [Melting point ]
170 °C (dec.)(lit.) | [density ]
2.150 | [vapor density ]
8.7 (vs air)
| [solubility ]
H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
| [form ]
Solid | [color ]
Orange to red | [Odor]
Odorless | [PH Range]
3 - 4 | [Stability:]
Stability Strong oxidizer-contact with flammable materials may cause fire. Reactions carried out in closed vessels may lead to explosion. Incompatible with organic materials, strong reducing agents. | [Water Solubility ]
360 g/L (20 ºC) | [Decomposition ]
170 °C | [Merck ]
14,515 | [Uses]
Yellow needles made by chromic acid acting on ammonium
hydroxide. The product is produced by crystallization. Ammonium
dichromate was used interchangeably with potassium
dichromate for sensitizing gelatin, albumen, gums, and other
colloids that were used for pigment processes. Ammonium
dichromate is more sensitive than the potassium alternative. | [CAS DataBase Reference]
7789-09-5(CAS DataBase Reference) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
7789-09-5(EPA Substance) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
E,T+,N | [Risk Statements ]
R45:May cause cancer.
R60:May impair fertility.
R61:May cause harm to the unborn child.
R2:Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition.
R8:Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
R21:Harmful in contact with skin.
R25:Toxic if swallowed.
R26:Very Toxic by inhalation.
R34:Causes burns.
R42/43:May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact .
R48/23:Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation .
R50/53:Very Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment . | [Safety Statements ]
S53:Avoid exposure-obtain special instruction before use .
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) .
S60:This material and/or its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste .
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet . | [RIDADR ]
UN 1439 5.1/PG 2
| [WGK Germany ]
3
| [RTECS ]
HX7650000
| [Autoignition Temperature]
218°C | [TSCA ]
Yes | [HazardClass ]
5.1 | [PackingGroup ]
II | [HS Code ]
28415000 | [Safety Profile]
Confirmed human carcinogen. Poison by inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, and subcutaneous routes. See also CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS. An unstable oxidizer. Moderately flammable; reacts with reducing agents. | [Hazardous Substances Data]
7789-09-5(Hazardous Substances Data) | [Toxicity]
LDLo scu-gpg: 25 mg/kg EQSSDX 1,1,75 |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [General Description]
AMMONIUM DICHROMATE(7789-09-5) is a bright orange red crystalline solid. AMMONIUM DICHROMATE(7789-09-5) is readily ignited and burns producing a voluminous green residue. If heated in a closed container, the container may rupture due to the decomposition of the material. AMMONIUM DICHROMATE(7789-09-5) may also act as a strong oxidizing agent if mixed with or contaminated with combustible material. AMMONIUM DICHROMATE(7789-09-5) is soluble in water. | [Reactivity Profile]
AMMONIUM DICHROMATE is an oxidizing reagent, AMMONIUM DICHROMATE readily reacts with reducing materials, in large quantity AMMONIUM DICHROMATE may produce a violent reaction. Direct exposure to heat or shock will explode it. When heated to decomposition AMMONIUM DICHROMATE emits toxic fumes of ammonia and nitrogen oxides [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 205]. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Water soluble. | [Hazard]
Dusts and solutions are toxic, irritating to
eyes and skin; dangerous fire risk. Strong oxidizing
agent may explode in contact with organic materi-
als. TLV: 0.05 mg(Cr)/m
3
; Confirmed human car-
cinogen.
| [Health Hazard]
Inhalation causes irritation or ulceration of the mucous membranes of the nose, throat or respiratory tract. Respiratory irritation can produce symptoms resembling those of asthma. Continuing irritation of the nose may lead to perforation of the nasal septum. External contact can cause eye irritation and conjunctivitis, irritation and ulceration of skin wounds, and rash or external ulcers. If ingested, irritates mucous membrane and causes vomiting. | [Potential Exposure]
It is used in dyeing, leather tanning and
to make fireworks and chromic oxide; in lithography and photoengraving;
in manufacture of special mordants and catalysts. | [First aid]
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,
begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including
resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical
facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical
attention. Give large quantities of water and induce
vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit. | [Shipping]
UN1439 Ammonium dichromate, Hazard Class:
5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer. | [Incompatibilities]
An unstable oxidizer; freezing/melting
point5(decomposes below MP) 180 C; decomposition
becomes self-sustaining and violent at about 225 C. Contact
with combustible, organic or other easily oxidized materials,
strong acids; hydrazine and other reducing agents; alcohols,
sodium nitrite may cause fire and explosions. | [Chemical Properties]
Ammonium dichromate is a combustible,
orange-red crystalline solid which is used in solution. | [Chemical Properties]
bright orange-red crystals | [Waste Disposal]
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.
Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Add a
large volume of a reductant solution (hypo, bisulfite or ferrous
salt and acidify with sulfuric acid). Neutralize when reduction
is complete and flush to sewer with large volume of water. | [Occurrence]
Bright orange-red monoclinic crystals; odorless; hygroscopic; decomposes at 180°C; density 2.115 g/cm3 at 25°C; readily dissolves in water (26.67 g/100 g at 20°C). | [Purification Methods]
It crystallises from weak aqueous HCl (ca 1mL/g). It decomposes rapidly on heating. (Possible carcinogen and is POISONOUS) |
| Questions And Answer | Back Directory | [Description]
Ammonium dichromate is a salt consisting of ammonium ions and dichromate ions. It can be used as in pyrotechinics, photography as well as lithography. It can be used as a catalyst and a source of pure nitrogen in the laboratory. It can also be used as the mordant of dyeing pigment. It has application in the manufacturing of alizarin, chrome alum, leather tanning and oil purification. Moreover, it can be used for the production of phosphor raster of television screen through acting as the photoactive site. Finally, there are also reports using it for combustion synthesis of perovskite LnCrO3 powder and oxidation of hydroquinones, catechols and phenols.
| [References]
Havard, Jennifer M., et al. "Design of Photoresists with Reduced Environmental Impact. 1. Water-Soluble Resists Based on Photo- Cross-Linking of Poly(vinyl alcohol)." Plos One 8.4(1999):-.
Kingsley, J. J., and L. R. Pederson. "Combustion synthesis of perovskite LnCrO3 powders using ammonium dichromate." Materials Letters 18.1-2 (1993): 89-96.
Fischer, Alfred, and George N. Henderson. "Oxidation of hydroquinones, catechols, and phenols using ceric ammonium nitrate and ammonium dichromate coated on silica: an efficient and convenient preparation of quinones." Synthesis 1985.6/7 (1985): 641 -643.
Suzuki, S. "Determination of Chromium Atom Density on Deep UV Exposed Ammonium-Dichromated Gelatin Films with Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra." Journal of the Electrochemical Society135.10 (1988):2615-2620.
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