| Identification | More | [Name]
D-GLUCURONIC ACID | [CAS]
6556-12-3 | [Synonyms]
D-GLCA
D-GLUCURONIC ACID
GLUCURONIC ACID
Glycuronic acid
D-GLUCURONIC ACID FREE ACID F & D &
Glucosiduronic Acid
Glucuronic Aci
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
D-Glucuronic acid, 98+%
D-gluco-Hexulonic acid
D-glucuronate | [EINECS(EC#)]
229-486-4 | [Molecular Formula]
C6H10O7 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00077778 | [Molecular Weight]
194.14 | [MOL File]
6556-12-3.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
White Solid | [Melting point ]
159-161 °C (lit.) | [alpha ]
[α]D20 +35.0～+39.0゜(c=6,H2O) | [Boiling point ]
250.56°C (rough estimate) | [density ]
1.4301 (rough estimate) | [refractive index ]
36 ° (C=6, H2O) | [storage temp. ]
Refrigerator (+4°C) | [solubility ]
H2O: soluble100mg/mL, clear to slightly hazy | [form ]
Crystalline Powder | [pka]
pKa 3.18(H2O
t=20.0) (Uncertain) | [color ]
White to off-white | [Water Solubility ]
Soluble in water. | [Merck ]
14,4465 | [BRN ]
1727083 | [InChIKey]
LCUVNMXNGSEBHT-RJOKPDHXSA-N | [CAS DataBase Reference]
6556-12-3(CAS DataBase Reference) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
D-Glucuronic acid (6556-12-3) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
Xi | [Risk Statements ]
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin . | [Safety Statements ]
S37/39:Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection .
S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice .
S36:Wear suitable protective clothing . | [WGK Germany ]
3
| [RTECS ]
LZ8836600 | [TSCA ]
Yes | [HS Code ]
29329990 |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Description]
Glucuronic acid (from Ancient Greek γλυκ?? "sweet" + ο?ρον "urine") is a carboxylic acid. Its structure is similar to that of glucose. However, glucuronic acid's sixth carbon is oxidized to a carboxylic acid. Its formula is C6H10O7. The salts and esters of glucuronic acid are known as glucuronates; the anion C6H9O7-is the glucuronate ion. | [Chemical Properties]
White Solid | [Definition]
ChEBI: A D-glucopyranuronic acid in which the anomeric centre has alpha-configuration. | [Definition]
glucuronic acid: A compound,OC6H9O6, derived from the oxidationof glucose. It is an important constituentof gums and mucilages. Glucuronicacid can combine withhydroxyl (–OH), carboxyl (–COOH), oramino (-NH2) groups to form a glucuronide.The addition of a glucuronidegroup to a molecule(glucuronidation) generally increasesthe solubility of a compound; henceglucuronidation plays an importantrole in the excretion of foreign substances. | [Biological Functions]
Proteoglycans Glucuronic acid is common in carbohydrate chains of proteoglycans. It is part of mucous animal secretions (such as saliva), cell glycocalyx and intercellular matrix (for instance hyaluronan))
Glucuronidation of toxic substances
In the animal body, glucuronic acid is often linked to the xenobiotic metabolism of substances such as drugs, pollutants, bilirubin, androgens, estrogens, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, fatty acid derivatives, retinoids, and bile acids. These linkages involve glycosidic bonds, and this linkage process is known as glucuronidation. Glucuronidation occurs mainly in the liver, although the enzyme responsible for its catalysis, UDP-glucuronyltransferase, has been found in all major body organs, e.g., intestine, kidneys, brain, adrenal gland, spleen, and thymus.
Use
Determination of urinary steroids and of steroid conjugates in blood. Contained in some commercially available brands of Kombucha as an antioxidant & organic acid In all plants and mammals - other than guinea pigs and primatesglucuronic acid is a precursor of ascorbic acid , also known as vitamin c.
ConformationUnlike its C5 epimer iduronic acid, which may occur in a number of conformations, glucuronic acid occurs in predominantly the 4C1 conformation.
Glucuronidases
Glucuronidases are those enzymes that hydrolyze the glycosidic bond between glucuronic acid and some other compound. | [General Description]
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards | [Biochem/physiol Actions]
In humans, glucuronic acid conjugation with steroidal compounds and drugs is an important step in phase II metabolic reactions. This influences the biotransformation process of the compound. | [Purification Methods]
Crystallise the acid from EtOH or EtOAc, wash it with MeOH and dry it in vacuo to give the “ ” form. Heating converts it to the lactone (see below). The sodium salt monohydrate [207300-70-7] M 234.1 has m ~136-138o(dec) [] D 20 +21o (c 2, H2O after 2hours). [Sutter & Reichstein Helv Chim Acta 21 1210 1938, Beilstein 3 H 886, 3 IV 1997.] |
| Questions and Answers (Q&A) | Back Directory | [Uses]
D-glucuronic acid and D-galacturonic acid are naturally occurring hexuronic acids present in glycosaminoglucans, glucuronide conjugates in mammals and in plant cell wall polysaccharides.
D-Glucuronic acid exists as a component of glycosaminoglucans such as hyaluronan, heparin and chondroitin sulphate present in mammalian connective tissue such as cartilage. In the synthesis of glucuronide conjugates in mammals glucuronic acid is conjugated to xenobiotic compounds, a biosynthesis reaction known as glucuronidation, catalysed by the enzyme UDP-glucuronyltransferase and considered a detoxifying process.
Both D-glucuronic acid and D-galacturonic acid are major components of plant cell wall polysaccharides. D-glucuronic acid is a component of arabinoxylan, which consists of a β-(1,4)-linked xylan backbone substituted with α-(1-2/3)-linked L-arabinofuranose and α-(1-2)- linked 4-O-methylglucuronic acid. D-Galacturonic acid is the major component of pectin comprising the α-(1,4)-linked galacturonan backbone of homogalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan II, and is present within the repeating disaccharide unit [,4)-α-D-GalpA-(1,2)-α- L-Rhap-(1,] of rhamnogalacturonan I.
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