| Identification | Back Directory | [Name]
Dichlorvos | [CAS]
62-73-7 | [Synonyms]
OKO
Nuva
Mafu
DDVP
DDVF
Task
UDVF
Tenac
NUVAN
PIRAN
Nogos
oms14
Herka
Herkal
Herkol
Lindan
Fecama
Fekama
OMS 14
nuvan7
nogosg
Marvex
Mopari
Nerkol
VAPONA
OKO(R)
CHARGE
AMIDOS
Atgard
Benfos
Cypona
Algard
Apavap
sd1750
Unifos
tap9vp
XLP 30
sd-1750
TAP 9VP
Phosvit
SD 1750
atgardc
atgardv
Delevap
Dethlac
Devikol
Bibesol
MAFU(R)
DDVP(R)
DEDEVAP
Divipan
DDVF(R)
Cekusan
No-pest
Novotox
Nogos G
nogos50
Nuvan 7
Fly-die
Equigel
Deriban
Duravos
ent20738
Equigand
Equigard
Duo-kill
Derriban
Estrosel
Estrosol
Nogos 50
nsc-6738
Nefrafos
NUVAN(R)
NOGOS(R)
astrobot
canogard
Brevinyl
Atgard C
Atgard V
verdisol
Tetravos
vaporaii
Verdican
Verdipor
Vaponite
AQUAGARD
DICLORVOS
Vapora II
Vinylofos
Task tabs
BAY-19149
dichlofos
HERKOL(R)
NERKOL(R)
VAPONA(R)
Krecalvin
mafustrip
nogos50ec
Panaplate
Equiguard
ENT-20738
Derribante
flyfighter
Lindanmafu
nuvan100ec
Mafu strip
NCI-C00113
DICHLORVOS
Dichlorman
DEDEVAP(R)
Dichloorvo
Dichlorfos
denkavepon
Szklarniak
Vinylophos
Winylophos
unifos50ec
NUVAN500EC
DICLORPHOS
ddvp (jmaf)
brevinyle50
DICHLOROVOS
BAYER 19149
Nogos 50 EC
insectigasd
Fly fighter
Dichlorovas
Dichlorphos
dichlorvos0
Dichlorophos
Insectigas D
no-peststrip
Nuvan 100 EC
Chlorvinphos
Unifos 50 EC
Brevinyl E-50
DICHLORVOS D6
No-pest strip
Dichlorvos，DDV
vaponainsecticide
DDVP (dichlorvos)
Nuvan top aerosol
Dichlorvos (DDVP)
ddvp(insecticide)
dichlorfos(polish)
DDVP (insecticide)
Unifos (pesticide)
Vapona Insecticide
dichlorvos solution
Dichlorvos Standard
ddvp(asimpurityonly
DICHLORVOS TECHNICAL
DICHLORVOS, 1GM, NEAT
Dichlorovos E.C.(50%)
Dichlorovos E.C.(80%)
Dichlorphos-methoxyl-D6
dichlorvosmixture,[dry]
DICHLORVOS (DIMETHYL-D6)
DICHLORVOS-D6 (DIMETHYL-D6)
Dichlorvos Solution, 100ppm
Dichlorvos 250mg [62-73-7]
dichlorvos (bsi,iso,ban,esa)
DICHLOROVOS SOLUTION 100NG/MYL
dimethyldichlorovinylphosphate
DIMETHYL-DICHLOR-VINYLPHOSPHATE
Dimethyl dichlorovinyl phosphate
Dichlorvos standard in chloroforM
dimethyl2,2-dichlorovinylphosphate
o,o-dimethyldichlorovinylphosphate
(2,2-Dichloro-vinil)dimetil-fosfate
(2,2-dichloro-vinil)dimetil-fosfato
2,2-Dimethyldichlorovinyl phosphate
2,2-dichloro-ethenodimethylphosphate
2,2-dichloroethenyldimethylphosphate
(2,2-Dichlorovinyl)-dimethyl-fosfate
2,2-DICHLOROVINYL DIMETHYL PHOSPHATE
O,O-Dimethyl dichlorovinyl phosphate
dimethyl2,2-dichloroethenylphosphate
2,2-DICHLOROVINYLDIMETHYLPHOSPHORATE
Phosphate, 2-2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl
(2,2-Dichlor-vinyl)-dimethyl-phosphat
(2,2-dichloor-vinyl)-dimethyl-fosfaat
(2,2-dichloor-vinyl)-dimethyl-phosphat
2,2-Dichloroethenyl dimethyl phosphate
Dimethyl 2,2-dichloroethenyl phosphate
o,o-dimethyl2,2-dichlorovinylphosphate
ethenol,2,2-dichloro-,dimethylphosphate
2,2-dichlorovinyl-o,o-dimethylphosphate
o,o-dwumetylo-o-dwuchlorowinylofosforan
DICHLORVOS PESTANAL (2,2-DICHLORO- VINYL
Dichlorvos (dimethyl-d6) 0.01g [62-73-7]
2,2-dichloro-vinylalcohodimethylphosphate
o-(2,2-dichlorvinyl)-o,o-dimethylphosphat
O-(2,2-Dichlorvinyl)-O,O-dimethylphosphate
Ethenol, 2,2-dichloro-, dimethyl phosphate
phosphatededimethyleetde2,2-dichlorovinyle
O，O-DIMETHYL-o-(2,2-dechlorovinly)phosphate
O,O-Dimethyl-O-(2,2-dichlor-vinyl)-phosphat
O O-DIMETHYL-O-(2,2-DICHLOROVINYL)PHOSPHATE
2,2-dichlorovinyldimethylphosphoricacidester
O-(2,2-Dichlorovinyl) O,O-dimethyl phosphate
phosphoricacid2,2-dichlorovinyldimethylester
phosphoricacid,2,2-dichlorovinyldimethylester
2,2-dichloroethenylphosphoricaciddimethylester
Phosphate de dimethyle et de 2,2-dichlorovinyle
Vinyl alcohol, 2,2-dichloro-, dimethyl phosphate
Phosphoric acid, 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl ester
phosphatededimethyleetde2,2-dichlorovinyle(french)
PHOSPHORIC ACID, 2,2-DICHLOROETHENYL DIMETHYL ESTER
dichlorvos (ISO) 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate
Phosphoricacid,esters,2,2-dichloroethenyldimethylester
Dichlorvos (150 mg) (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate) (AS) | [EINECS(EC#)]
200-547-7 | [Molecular Formula]
C4H7Cl2O4P | [MDL Number]
MFCD00209708 | [MOL File]
62-73-7.mol | [Molecular Weight]
220.98 |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
Dichlorvos is a colorless to amber liquid with
a mild aromatic odor. | [Melting point ]
-60°C | [Boiling point ]
140°C | [density ]
1.415 | [vapor pressure ]
1.2 x 10-2 mmHg at 20 °C (quoted, Windholz et al., 1983:Kawamoto and Urano, 1989)5.27 x 10-2 mmHg at 25 °C (gas saturation method-GC, Kim et al., 1984) | [refractive index ]
nD25 1.451 | [Fp ]
100 °C | [storage temp. ]
0-6°C
| [solubility ]
Miscible with alcohol and most nonpolar solvents (Windholz et al., 1983) | [form ]
neat | [Water Solubility ]
Slightly soluble. 1 g/100 mL | [Merck ]
13,3105 | [BRN ]
1709141 | [Henry's Law Constant]
3.38 at 10.00 °C, 3.62 at 11.00 °C, 3.73 at 12.00 °C, 5.05 at 13.00 °C, 6.99 at 15.00 °C, 10.8 at
18.00 °C, 15.5 at 20.00 °C, 17.9 at 22.50 °C, 22.7 at 23.00 °C, 24.8 at 25.00 °C (dynamic
equilibrium system-GC, Gautier et al., 2003) | [Exposure limits]
NIOSH REL: TWA 1 mg/m3, IDLH 100 mg/m3; OSHA PEL: TWA 1
ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.1 ppm. | [Contact allergens]
Cases of sensitization to this organophosphorus
compound with several commercial names (Benfos,
Brevinyl, Chlorvinphos, DDVP, Equigard, Fly fghte,
Nogos, and Unifos) were occupationally seen in chry-
santhem growers, horticulturists, technicians, and in a
chemist. | [IARC]
2B (Vol. Sup 7, 53) 1991 | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
Dimethyl-2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate(62-73-7) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
Phosphoric acid, 2,2-dichloroethenyl dimethyl ester(62-73-7) |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Chemical Properties]
Colorless to Pale Yellow Oil | [Chemical Properties]
Dichlorvos occurs as an oily colorless to amber liquid with slight solubility in water. It has
an aromatic chemical odor. Dichlorvos is used as an agricultural insecticide for the control
of crop pests, such as fl ies, aphids, spider mites, caterpillars, and thrips, and also pests in
store grains, and parasitic worms in animals, in fl ea collars for dogs. Occupational workers
and the general public can be exposed to dichlorvos while working with the manufacture,
formulation, and application on agricultural crops, and when used as a fumigant, and as
pest strips. Human exposures also occur through food contamination. | [Uses]
anesthetic | [Uses]
Cholinesterase inhibitor. Anthelmintic, insecticide. | [Definition]
ChEBI: An alkenyl phosphate that is the 2,2-dichloroethenyl ester of dimethyl phosphate. | [General Description]
An aromatic colorless to amber liquid absorbed in a dry carrier. Denser than water and slightly soluble in water. Toxic by inhalation, skin absorption, absorption, or ingestion. Flash point 175°F or higher. When heated to high temperatures may emit toxic chloride fumes and phosgene gas. Used as a pesticide. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Slightly soluble in water. | [Reactivity Profile]
DICHLORVOS MIXTURE is incompatible with strong acids and bases. Dichlorvos is slowly hydrolyzed in acidic media and rapidly hydrolyzed by alkalis. Dichlorvos is corrosive to iron and mild steel. . Organophosphates are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Partial oxidation by oxidizing agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides. | [Health Hazard]
Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. | [Fire Hazard]
Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form. | [Health Hazard]
Exposures to dichlorvos through all routes, namely, oral, dermal, and respiratory,
cause adverse effects to species of laboratory animals, such as rats, mice, and rabbits.
The symptoms of poisoning include perspiration, nausea, salivation, vomiting, diarrhea,
drowsiness, fatigue, headache, and in severe cases, tremors, ataxia, convulsions,
and coma.
Humans exposed to dichlorvos show many symptoms of poisoning that include, but
are not limited to, irritability, confusion, headache, speech diffi culties, sweating, blurred
vision, drowsiness or insomnia, numbness, tingling sensations, incoordination, tremor,
abdominal cramps, diffi culty in breathing or respiratory depression and slow heart beat,
impaired memory concentration, disorientation, and severe depressions. | [Potential Exposure]
A potential danger to those involved
in manufacture, formulation and application of this fumigant insecticide in household, public health and agricultural
uses. Used as an insecticide and as an anthelminthic for
swine and dogs. | [First aid]
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Speed in removing material from skin
is of extreme importance. Shampoo hair promptly if contaminated. Seek medical attention immediately. If this
chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure, begin
rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including
resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR
if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical
facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and induce
vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours
following overexposure | [Shipping]
UN3018 Organophosphorus pesticides, liquid,
toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials | [Incompatibilities]
Contact with oxidizers may cause the
release of phosphorous oxides. Organophosphates are susceptible to formation of highly toxic and flammable phosphine gas in the presence of strong reducing agents such as
hydrideds and active metals. Partial oxidation by oxidizing
agents may result in the release of toxic phosphorus oxides Corrosive to iron, mild steel, some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings | [Waste Disposal]
50% hydrolysis is obtained
in pure water in 25 minutes @ 70_x0003_°C and in 61.5 days @
20C. A buffered solution yields 50% hydrolysis (37.5°C) in
301 minutes at pH 8, 462 minutes at pH 7, 620 minutes at
pH 5.4. Hydrolysis yields no toxic residues. Incineration in a
furnace equipped with an afterburner and alkaline scrubber is
recommended as is alkaline hydrolysis followed by soil
burial. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers.
Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental
control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office. | [Physical properties]
Colorless to yellow liquid with a mild aromatic odor | [Brand name]
Atgard (Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health); Equigard (Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health); Equigel (Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health); TASK Tabs (Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health). | [Agricultural Uses]
Insecticide, Acaricide, Nematicide: Dichlorvos is used for insect control in food-storage
areas, green-houses, and barns, and control of insects
on livestock. It is not generally used on outdoor crops.
Dichlorvos is sometimes used for insect control in workplaces
and in the home. Dichlorvos used in pest control
is diluted with other chemicals and used as a spray. It can
also be incorporated into plastic that slowly releases the
chemical. Veterinarians use it to control parasites on pets.
Dichlorvos is effective against mushroom flies, aphids, spider
mites, caterpillars, thrips, and white flies in greenhouse,
outdoor fruit, and vegetable crops. It is used to treat a variety
of parasitic worm infections in dogs, livestock, and humans.
Dichlorvos can be fed to livestock to control botfly
larvae in the manure. It acts against insects as both a contact
and a stomach poison. It is used as a fumigant and has
been used to make pet collars and pest strips. It is available
as an aerosol and soluble concentrate. Not approved for use
in EU countries. A U.S. EPA restricted Use Pesticide
(RUP). Dichlorvos also exists as a breakdown product. | [Trade name]
ALCO® Dichlorvos; APAVAP®;
ASTROBOT®; ATGARD®; BAY 19149®; BAYER 19149®;
BENFOS®; BIBESOL®; BREVINYL®; BREVINYL
E 50®; CANOGARD®; CEKUSAN®; CYPONA®;
DEDEVAP®; DERRIBAN®; DERRIBANTE®; DES®;
DEVIKOL®; DICLORCAL 50®; DIDIVANE; DIVIPAN®;
DOOM®; DQUIGARD®; DUO-KILL®; DURAVOS®;
ELASTREL®; EQUIGARD®[C]; EQUIGEL®[C];
ESTROSEL®; ESTROSOL®; FECAMA®; FEKAMA®;
FLY-DIE®; FLY FIGHTER®; HERKOL®; INSECTIGAS
D®; KRECALVIN®; LINDAN®; MAFU®; MARVEX®;
MOPARI®; NEFRAFOS®; NERKOL®; NOGOS®; NOPEST®;
NOVOTOX®; NUVA®; NUVAN®; OKO®;
OMS 14®; PANAPLATE®; PHOSVIT®; PRENTOX®;
SD 1750®; SUCHLOR®; SZKLARNIAK®; TAP
9VP®; TASK®; TENAC®; TETRAVOS®; UNIFOS
(PESTICIDE)®; UNITOX®; VAPONA® et al.
[C]; VAPONITE®; VERDICAN®; VERDIPOR®;
VERDISOL®; VINYLOFOS®; VINYLOPHOS®;
WINYLOPHOS® | [Veterinary Drugs and Treatments]
Dichlorvos is effective in swine against Ascaris, Trichuris, Ascarops
strongylina and Oesophagostomum spp.
Dichlorvos as a “No Pest Strip” is used as an ectoparasiticide
for
small mammals. It is also used as a premise spray to keep fly populations
controlled.
In horses, dichlorvos is labeled as being
effective for the treatment
and control of bots, pinworms, large and small bloodworms,
and large roundworms, but no systemic equine products are currently
being marketed in the USA.
Dichlorvos was available for use internally in dogs and cats for
the treatment of roundworms and hookworms, but no products
are currently being marketed since newer, safer and more effective
anthelmintics have replaced dichlorvos. | [Carcinogenicity]
Two epidemiological studies
reporting an association between exposure to dichlorvos
resin strips and childhood cancer were reviewed
by EPA and found to have biases and confounders that
could explain the observed associations. Additional studies
that correct for the control of potential biases and problems of
exposure determination are needed before an association
between dichlorvos and childhood cancer can be established. | [Environmental Fate]
Biological. When dichlorvos was incubated with sewage sludge for one week at 29°C,
it was converted to dichloroethanol, dichloroacetic acid, ethyl dichloroacetate and an
inorganic phosphate. In addition, dimethyl phosphate formed in the presence or absence
of microorganisms (Lieberman and Alexander, 1983). Dichlorvos degraded fastest in
nonsterile soils and decomposed faster in soils that were sterilized by gamma radiation
than in soils that were sterilized by autoclaving. After one day of incubation, the percent
of dichlorvos degradation that occurred in autoclaved, irradiated and nonsterile soils were
17, 88 and 99, respectively (Getzin and Rosefield, 1968).
Soil. In a silt loam and sandy loam, reported Rf values were 0.79 and 0.80, respectively
(Sharma et al., 1986).
Plant. Metabolites identified in cotton leaves include dimethyl phosphate, phosphoric
acid, methyl phosphate and O-demethyl dichlorvos (Bull and Ridgway, 1969).
Photolytic. Dichlorvos should not undergo direct photolysis since it does not absorb
UV light at wavelengths >240 nm (Gore et al., 1971).
Chemical/Physical. Releases very toxic fumes of phosphorus oxides and chlorine when
heated to decomposition (Sax and Lewis, 1987).
Slowly hydrolyzes in water and in acidic media but is more rapidly hydrolyzed under
alkaline conditions to dimethyl hydrogen phosphate and dichloroacetaldehyde (Capel et
al., 1988; Hartley and Kidd, 1987; Worthing and Hance, 1991). In the Rhine River (pH
7.4), the hydrolysis half-life of dichlorvos was 6 hours (Capel et al., 1988).
Atkinson and Carter (1984) estimated a half-life of 320 days for the reaction of
dichlorvos with ozone in the atmosphere. | [Metabolic pathway]
The metabolism of dichlorvos has been extensively studied particularly
in mammals. Dichlorvos is rapidly transformed in both environmental
and biological situations via a hydrolytic mechanism to yield
dimethyl phosphate and dichloroacetaldehyde which is further metabolised
to 2,2-dichloroethanol or dechlorinated to glycolic acid. An additional
important route in mammals involves demethylation catalysed
by glutathione-S-methyl transferase to yield methylglutathione and
desmethyldichlorvos. | [storage]
Store at -20°C | [Degradation]
Dichlorvos is slowly hydrolysed in water and in acidic media and rapidly
hydrolysed by alkali to dichloroacetaldehyde (2) and dimethyl phosphate
(3) (PM) | [Toxicity evaluation]
Acute oral LD50 for rats: ca. 50 mg /kg |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
T;N,N,T,T+,Xn,F | [Risk Statements ]
24/25-26-43-50-28-24-36-20/21/22-11 | [Safety Statements ]
1/2-28-36/37-45-61-16 | [RIDADR ]
2786 | [WGK Germany ]
3 | [RTECS ]
TC0350000 | [HazardClass ]
6.1(a) | [PackingGroup ]
II | [HS Code ]
29199000 | [Safety Profile]
Confirmed carcinogen
with carcinogenic and tumorigenic data.
Poison by ingestion, inhalation, skin contact,
subcutaneous, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Experimental
teratogenic and reproductive effects. Human
mutation data reported. A cholinesterase
inhibitor, it is used in flea (pest) collars for
pets. No neurotoxicity has been observed. It
is very rapidly metabolized and excreted.
When heated to decomposition it emits very
toxic fumes of Cl and POx. See also
PARATHION. | [Hazardous Substances Data]
62-73-7(Hazardous Substances Data) | [Toxicity]
LD50 orally in male, female rats: 80, 56 mg/kg (Gaines) | [IDLA]
100 mg/m3 |
| Questions And Answer | Back Directory | [Description]
Dichlorvos is a famous organophosphate insecticide that widely used to control household pests, in public health, and protecting stored product from insects. The compound has been commercially available since 1961. It can be used for the treatment of mushroom flies, aphids, spiders, caterpillars, thrips and whiteflies in fruits and crops as well as many kinds of parasitic worm in dogs and livestock as well as human beings. Its primary target, like other kinds of organophosphate insecticide, is the acetylcholinesterase. Therefore, it blocks the normal function of the nervous systems of insects. However, its application has been under controversy due to its potential toxicity on human beings and animals. Exposure to it can cause multiple adverse reactions of respiratory, cardiovascular, eye, skin, and muscle, nervous and so on. It is also known that Dichlorvos is extremely toxic to fishes, being capable of impairing fish health through impairing normal metabolism and even leading to death.
| [References]
Das, Suchismita. "A review of Dichlorvos toxicity in fish." Current World Environment 8.1(2013):143-149.
Booth, Ed, and E. B. Jones. "Review of the in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity of dichlorvos. " Regulatory Toxicology & Pharmacology 49.3(2007):316.
Ero?lu HE. "Toxic nuclear effects of the organophosphorus insecticide Dichlorvos (DDVP) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes." Acta Biologica Hungarica 60.4(2009):409-16.
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