| Identification | More | [Name]
TETRODOTOXIN | [CAS]
4368-28-9 | [Synonyms]
FUGU POISON
OCTAHYDRO-12-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-2-IMINO-5,9:7,10A-DIMETHANO-10AH-[1,3]DIOXOCINO[6,5-D]PYRIMIDINE-4,7,10,11,12-PENTOL
TETRODOTOXIN
TETRODOTOXIN, FUGU SPECIES
TTX
10abeta,11s*,12s*))-10alph
12-(hydroxymethyl)-2-imino-5,9:7,10a-dimethano-10ah-(1,3)dioxocino(6,5-d)pyri
4aalpha,5alpha,7alpha,9alpha,10alpha,10abeta,11s*,12s*))-octahydro-(4r-(4alph
5,9:7,10a-dimethano-10ah-(1,3)dioxocino(6,5-d)pyrimidine-4,7,10,11,12-pentol,
5,9:7,10a-dimethano-10ah-(1,3)dioxocino(6,5-d)pyrimidine-4,7,10,11,12-pentol,o
5-d)pyrimidine-4,7,10,11,12-pentol
babyloniajaponicatoxin1
bjt-1
ctahydro-12-(hydroxymethyl)-2-imino-,(4r-(4alpha,4aalpha,5alpha,7alpha,9alpha,
maculotoxin
midine-4,7,10,11,12-pentol
octahydro-12-(hydroxymethyl)-2-imino-
octahydro-12-(hydroxymethyl)-2-imino-5,9:7,10a-dimethano-10ah-(1,3)dioxocino(6,
spheroidine
tarichatoxin | [EINECS(EC#)]
224-458-8 | [Molecular Formula]
C11H17N3O8 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00213719 | [Molecular Weight]
319.27 | [MOL File]
4368-28-9.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
white powder | [Melting point ]
280 °C (decomp) | [alpha ]
D25 -8.64° (c = 8.55 in dil acetic acid) | [Boiling point ]
458.31°C (rough estimate) | [density ]
1.3768 (rough estimate) | [refractive index ]
1.5700 (estimate) | [storage temp. ]
2-8°C
| [solubility ]
H2O: stable at pH 4-5 if stored frozensoluble
| [form ]
powder
| [pka]
8.76 (water); 9.4 (50% alc) | [color ]
white
| [optical activity]
-8.6425 (dilute acetic acid) | [Merck ]
13,9318 | [Stability:]
Acid Sensitive, Hygroscopic | [CAS DataBase Reference]
4368-28-9(CAS DataBase Reference) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
Tetrodotoxin (4368-28-9) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
T+ | [Risk Statements ]
R26/27/28:Very Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed . | [Safety Statements ]
S22:Do not breathe dust .
S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection .
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) . | [RIDADR ]
UN 3462 6.1/PG 1
| [WGK Germany ]
3
| [RTECS ]
IO1450000
| [F ]
10-18 | [HazardClass ]
6.1(a) | [PackingGroup ]
I | [HS Code ]
30029090 | [Safety Profile]
Poison by ingestion,
intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and
intravenous routes. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Nox. | [Hazardous Substances Data]
4368-28-9(Hazardous Substances Data) | [Toxicity]
LD50 i.p. in mice: 10 mg/kg (Kao, Fuhrman) |
| Questions And Answer | Back Directory | [Description]
Tetraodotoxin is a kind of extremely potent toxin which exists in the liver and sex organs of some fishes including pufferfish, porcupine fish, ocean sunfish, and toadfish as well as some kind of amphibian, octopus and shellfish species. It is also produced by some bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Vibrio. Tetraodotoxin is extremely toxic to human, interfering with the transmission of signals of nerves to muscles and further causing paralysis of the body muscle. It can be fatal in some cases. Its mechanism of action is inhibiting the firing of action potentials in nerves through binding to the voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve cell membrane and blocking the passages of sodium ions into the nerve cell. People should wear proper protective equipment upon operations and should be subject to proper treatment upon suffering from it. However, it has been under investigation on the treatment of chronic and breakthrough pain in advanced cancer patients.
| [References]
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ershdb/emergencyresponsecard_29750019.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrodotoxin
|
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Chemical Properties]
white powder | [Uses]
Tetrodotoxin is a highly selective, reversible sodium channel blocker. | [Uses]
TTX is an extremely popular chemical tool in the physiological
and pharmacological laboratories since discovery of its channel
blocking action in the early 1960s. Some potential therapeutic
uses include suppressing pain in cancer patients, preventing
ischemic damage of the brain that follows stroke, relieving the
symptoms of withdrawal in opiate addicts, and using it as
anesthetic agent. | [Definition]
ChEBI: A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels. | [Biological Activity]
Selective inhibitor of Na + channel conductance. Binding is reversible and of high affinity (K d = 1-10 nM). Blocks in a use-dependent manner. | [storage]
-20°C (desiccate) | [Toxicity evaluation]
TTX is a selective sodium channel blocker that can block nerve
and muscle conductions; action potentials are blocked while
resting membrane potentials and resting membrane resistance
are not affected. TTX blocks axonal transmission by lowering
the conductance of sodium at nodes of Ranvier. Vomiting
occurs because the toxin can act directly at or near the
chemoreceptor trigger zone. Respiratory depression is caused
by either a specific action of tetrodotoxin on the brain’s respiratory
center or because paralysis of respiratory nerves and
muscles occurs. |
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