| Identification | More | [Name]
5-Methylphenazinium methosulfate | [CAS]
299-11-6 | [Synonyms]
5-METHYLPHENAZINIUM METHYL SULFATE
METHYLPHENAZONIUM METHOSULFATE
N-METHYLDIBENZOPYRAZINE METHYL SULFATE SALT
N-METHYLDIBENZYLPYRAZINE METHYL SULFATE SALT
N-METHYLPHENAZINIUM METHYLSULFATE
N-METHYLPHENAZONIUM METHOSULFATE
N-METHYLPHENAZONIUM METHOSULPHATE
N-METHYLPHENAZONIUM METHYL SULFATE
PHENAZINE METHOSULFATE
PHENAZINE METHOSULPHATE
PHENAZINE METHYL SULFATE
PMS
5-Methylphenazine,methylsulfatesalt
5-methylphenazinemethylsulfate
5-methyl-phenaziniumethylsulfate
5-methylphenaziummethylsulfate
5-n-methylphenazoniummethosulfate
N-Methylphenaziniummethylsulf
n-methylphenaziummethosulfate
Phenazinium,5-methyl-,methylsulfate | [EINECS(EC#)]
206-072-1 | [Molecular Formula]
C14H14N2O4S | [MDL Number]
MFCD00011923 | [Molecular Weight]
306.34 | [MOL File]
299-11-6.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
orange to light brown crystals or powder | [Melting point ]
158-160 °C (dec.)(lit.)
| [density ]
1.3395 (rough estimate) | [refractive index ]
1.6930 (estimate) | [storage temp. ]
2-8°C
| [solubility ]
H2O: 0.2 g/mL at 20 °C, clear, deep orange
| [form ]
Crystalline Powder | [color ]
Dark yellow to brown or khaki | [Stability:]
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. | [Water Solubility ]
soluble | [Sensitive ]
Light Sensitive | [Detection Methods]
HPLC,NMR | [Merck ]
6109 | [BRN ]
3898869 | [CAS DataBase Reference]
299-11-6(CAS DataBase Reference) | [Storage Precautions]
Light sensitive | [EPA Substance Registry System]
299-11-6(EPA Substance) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
Xi,Xn,T | [Risk Statements ]
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin .
R68:Possible risk of irreversible effects. | [Safety Statements ]
S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice .
S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection .
S53:Avoid exposure-obtain special instruction before use .
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) . | [RIDADR ]
2811 | [WGK Germany ]
3 | [RTECS ]
SG1645000 | [F ]
8 | [TSCA ]
Yes | [HS Code ]
29339900 |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Description]
Phenazine is a free radical generator.1 It has been used as an electron transfer reactant in cell viability assays.2 Phenazine (10 μM) induces ssDNA break formation in the presence of the reducing agent NADPH in a cell-free plasmid cleavage assay when used at a concentration of 10 μM. It induces oxidative DNA damage in an alkaline comet assay and apoptosis in A375 melanoma cells when used at a concentration of 10 μM. Phenazine (20 nM) oxidizes cysteine-containing proteins in HepG2 cells.1 | [Chemical Properties]
orange to light brown crystals or powder | [Uses]
Phenazine Methosulfate is used in tyrosine transaminase test and for enzymic determination of ethanol in blood by the colorimetric micromethod. Used with ascorbic acid to determine nitric oxide reductase activity. Since the reduced PMS is easily oxidized by oxygen, it is used in assays as an electron carrier between enzymes and oxygen, cytochrome c, indophenols, or tetrazolium salts. The reduced PMS is used as an electron donor to reduce cytochrome c or in photosynthetic experiments. Usage of PMS for detection of specific dehydrogenases has been reported. | [Application]
Phenazine methosulfate is a compound used to determine nitric oxide reductase activity. Phenazine methosulfate has been used:
as a component of succinate dehydrogenase enzyme substrate solution.
to induce superoxide radical generation in red blood cell suspensions and to study its influence on RBC deformability.
as a component of complex II histochemistry media.
Used in the discovery of potent bromophenazine antibacterial agents against Staphylococcus. | [Definition]
ChEBI: 5-methylphenazinium methyl sulfate is an azaheterocycle sulfate salt and a member of phenazines. It is used as an electron carrier in place of the flavine enzyme of Warburg in the hexosemonophosphate system and also in the preparation of succinic dehydrogenase. Green et al., J. Biol. Chem. 217, 551 (1955). | [General Description]
Phenazines are heterocyclic compounds produced as secondary metabolites by bacteria. | [Biochem/physiol Actions]
Phenazine m ethosulfate (PMS) acts as a good electron acceptor. PMS is reduced non-enzymatically by (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) NADH and (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) NADPH. | [Enzyme inhibitor]
This redox-active reagent (FW = 306.34 g/mol; CAS 299-11-6; Eo’ = +0.080 V, pH = 7 and T = 30°C), also known as N-methylphenazoniummethosulfat, is frequently used as an artificial electron acceptor and carrier in studies of redox reactions. The reduced semiquinone, which may be prepared nonenzymatically from NADH or NADPH, is a colorless product (occasionally, a green color is reported) and can be used as an electron donor. This reduced compound is rapidly oxidized by dioxygen and will reduce cytochrome c, indophenol dyes, and many other electron acceptors. It is often used with ascorbic acid to determine nitric oxide reductase activity. Action as a Redox Substrate: Phenazine methosulfate (MTT) is a synthetic electron acceptor substtrate for many enzymes (e.g., succinate dehydrogenase, holine dehydrogenase, glycolate dehydrogenase, polyvinylalcohol dehydrogenase, (R)-pantolactone dehydrogenase, formate dihydrogenase, isoquinoline 1-oxidoreductase, quinaldate 4-oxidoreductase, aralkylamine dehydrogenase, glycine dehydrogenase (cyanide-forming), trimethylamine dehydrogenase, cytokinin dehydrogenase, and 4-cresol dehydrogenase (hydroxylating). When used in enzyme assays, MTT is converted to formazin, an intensely purple-colored product. To achieve high-sensitivity and a linear dependence, one must use a solubilization solution (usually either dimethyl sulfoxide, an acidified ethanol solution, or a solution of the detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate in diluted hydrochloric acid) to disperse/dissolve the otherwise insoluble formazan to obtain colored suspension/solution. The absorbance of this solution may then be quantified by measuring the wavelength between 500 and 600 nm in a spectrophotometer. The degree of light absorption depends on the solvent. Cell Viability Asaays: MTT has been widely employed in colorimetric assays for assessing the viability of cells. When tested under defined conditions, NAD(P)H-dependent cellular oxidoreductase enzymes catalyze the conversion of MTT to formazan, the intensity of which indicates cell viability. Other related tetrazolium dyes (including XTT, MTS and the WSTs) are used in conjunction with the intermediate electron acceptor, 1- methoxy phenazine methosulfate (PMS). Target(s): ferredoxin:NADPcyclase; photophosphorylation; progesterone monooxygenase; protein-Np -phosphohistidine:sugar phosphotransferase; stearoyl-CoA 9- desaturase; steroid 9a-monooxygenase; steroid 11bmonooxygenase; and testosterone 5a-reductase. | [Purification Methods]
It forms yellow-brown prisms from EtOH (charcoal), or EtOH/Et2O. Its solubility in H2O at 20o is 10%. In the presence of aqueous KI it forms a semiquinone which crystallises as blue leaflets from EtOH. [Wieland & Roseen Chem Ber 48 1117 1913, Voriskova Collect Czech Chem Commun 12 607 1947, Bülow Chem Ber 57 1431 1924, Campbell et al. J Chem Soc 404 1938, Morley J Chem Soc 4008 1952, Beilstein 23 I 59, 23 II 234, 23 III/IV 1658, 23/8 V 395.] |
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