| Identification | More | [Name]
Lithium hydroxide | [CAS]
1310-65-2 | [Synonyms]
LITHIUM HYDROXIDE
LiOH
Lithium hydroxide (Li(OH))
lithiumhydroxide(li(oh))
lithiumhydroxideanhydrous
Lithiumhydroxideanhydrouswhitepowder
LITHIUM HYDROXIDE, POWDER, 98+%
HEXANE, 95+%, PRA GRADE
LITHIUM HYDROXIDE REAGENT GRADE >=98%&
LITHIUM HYDROXIDE, ANHYDROUS REAGENT
Lithiumhydroxide,anhydrous,95%
LITHIUMHYDROXIDE,ANHYDROUS,POWDER
Lithium hydroxide
Lithium hydroxide, anhydrous, 99.995% (metals basis)
Lithium hydroxide, 98%, anhydrous, pure
Lithium hydroxide, anhydrous, pure
Lithium hydoxide | [EINECS(EC#)]
215-183-4 | [Molecular Formula]
HLiO | [MDL Number]
MFCD00011095 | [Molecular Weight]
23.95 | [MOL File]
1310-65-2.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
White solid | [Melting point ]
470 °C (dec.) (lit.) | [Boiling point ]
925°C | [density ]
1.43
| [storage temp. ]
Store at R.T. | [solubility ]
water: soluble71g/L at 20°C | [form ]
Solid | [pka]
14[at 20 ℃] | [color ]
White to light yellow | [Specific Gravity]
2.54 | [Odor]
odorless | [PH]
12 (50g/l, H2O, 50℃) | [Stability:]
Stable. Incompatible with moisture. strong acids, carbon dioxide. | [Water Solubility ]
113 g/L (20 ºC) | [Sensitive ]
Air Sensitive & Hygroscopic | [Merck ]
14,5534 | [InChIKey]
WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M | [CAS DataBase Reference]
1310-65-2(CAS DataBase Reference) | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
Lithium hydroxide(1310-65-2) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
1310-65-2(EPA Substance) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
C | [Risk Statements ]
R52/53:Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment .
R35:Causes severe burns.
R20/22:Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed .
R22:Harmful if swallowed. | [Safety Statements ]
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) .
S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection .
S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice .
S22:Do not breathe dust . | [RIDADR ]
2680 | [WGK Germany ]
1 | [RTECS ]
OJ6307070 | [TSCA ]
Yes | [HazardClass ]
8 | [PackingGroup ]
II | [HS Code ]
28252010 | [Safety Profile]
Poison by ingestion and
subcutaneous routes. Mtldly toxic by
inhalation. A corrosive. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Li. | [Toxicity]
LD50 orally in Rabbit: 210 mg/kg |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [General Description]
A clear to water-white liquid which may have a pungent odor. Contact may cause severe irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. LITHIUM HYDROXIDE, SOLUTION(1310-65-2) may be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. LITHIUM HYDROXIDE, SOLUTION(1310-65-2) is used to make other chemicals. | [Reactivity Profile]
LITHIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION neutralizes acids exothermically to form salts plus water. Reacts with certain metals (such as aluminum and zinc) to form oxides or hydroxides of the metal and generate gaseous hydrogen. May initiate polymerization reactions in polymerizable organic compounds, especially epoxides. May generate flammable and/or toxic gases with ammonium salts, nitrides, halogenated organics, various metals, peroxides, and hydroperoxides. May serve as a catalyst. Reacts when heated above about 84°C with aqueous solutions of reducing sugars other than sucrose, to evolve toxic levels of carbon monoxide [Bretherick, 5th Ed., 1995]. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Dilution with water may generate enough heat to cause steaming or spattering. | [Health Hazard]
TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. | [Fire Hazard]
Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. | [Chemical Properties]
lithium hydroxide (LiOH) is a white solid made industrially as the monohydrate (LiOH.H2O) by reacting lime with a lithium ore or with a salt made from the ore. Lithium hydroxide has a closer resemblance to the group 2 hydroxides than to the group 1 hydroxides. | [Definition]
A white crystallinesolid, LiOH, soluble in water,slightly soluble in ethanol and insolublein ether. It is known as the monohydrate(monoclinic; r.d. 1.51) and inthe anhydrous form (tetragonal, r.d.1.46; m.p. 450°C; decomposes at924°C). The compound is made by reacting lime with lithium salts orlithium ores. Lithium hydroxide isbasic but has a closer resemblance togroup 2 hydroxides than to the othergroup 1 hydroxides (an example ofthe first member of a periodic grouphaving atypical properties). | [Purification Methods]
It crystallises from hot water (3mL/g) as the monohydrate. It is dehydrated at 150o in a stream of CO2-free air. It sublimes at 220o with partial decomposition [Cohen Inorg Synth V 3 1957, Bravo Inorg Synth VII 1 1963]. |
| Questions And Answer | Back Directory | [Physical Properties]
Lithium hydroxide is a white tetragonal crystals; refractive index 1.464; density 1.46 g/cm3; melts at 450°C; decomposes at 924°C; dissolves in water (12.8g/100g at 20°C and 17.5 g/100g at 100°C); slightly soluble in alcohol.
Lithium hydroxide monohydrate is white monoclinic crystalline solid; refractive index 1.460; density 1.51 g/cm3; soluble in water, more soluble than the anhydrous salt (22.3g and 26.8g/100g at 10 and 100°C, respectively); slightly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in ether.
| [Uses]
Lithium hydroxide is used as an electrolyte in certain alkaline storage batteries; and in the production of lithium soaps. Other uses of this compound include its catalytic applications in esterification reactions in the production of alkyd resins; in photographic developer solutions; and as a starting material to prepare other lithium salts.
| [Preparation]
Lithium hydroxide is prepared by the reaction of lithium carbonate with calcium hydroxide:
Li2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 → 2LiOH + CaCO3
Calcium carbonate is filtered out and the solution is evaporated and crystallized.
The product obtained is the monohydrate, LiOH•H2O. The anhydrous compound is obtained by heating the hydrate above 100°C in vacuum or carbon dioxide-free air.
The hydroxide also may be prepared by treating lithium oxide with water.
| [Reaction]
Lithium hydroxide is a base. However, it is less basic than sodium or potassium hydroxide.
The compound undergoes neutralization reactions with acids:
LiOH + HCl → LiCl + H2O
Heating the compound above 800°C in vacuum yields lithium oxide:
2LiOH Li2O + H2O
Lithium hydroxide readily absorbs carbon dioxide, forming lithium carbonate:
2LiOH + CO2 → Li2CO3 + H2O
Passing chlorine through a solution of lithium hydroxide yields lithium hypochlorite:
LiOH + Cl2 → LiOCl + HCl
Saponification of fatty acids with lithium hydroxide produces lithium soaps.
LiOH + CH3(CH2)16COOH → CH3(CH2)16COOLi + H2O
(stearic acid) (lithium stearate)
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