| Identification | More | [Name]
BUTYRONITRILE | [CAS]
109-74-0 | [Synonyms]
1-CYANOPROPANE
BUTANENITRILE
BUTANOIC ACID NITRILE
BUTYRIC ACID NITRILE
BUTYRONITRILE
N-BUTANENITRILE
N-BUTYRONITRILE
NITRILE C4
PROPYL CYANIDE
1-Cyanopropane, butyronitrile
1-Cyanpropan
butanonitrile
Buttersαurenitril
butyronitrile(non-specificname)
Butyrylonitrile
n-Butanitrile
n-Butannitril
n-butylnitrile
n-Butyronitril
n-C3H7CN | [EINECS(EC#)]
203-700-6 | [Molecular Formula]
C4H7N | [MDL Number]
MFCD00001968 | [Molecular Weight]
69.11 | [MOL File]
109-74-0.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
colourless liquid | [Melting point ]
−112 °C(lit.) | [Boiling point ]
115-117 °C(lit.) | [density ]
0.794 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
| [vapor density ]
2.4 (vs air)
| [vapor pressure ]
23 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
| [refractive index ]
n20/D 1.384(lit.)
| [Fp ]
62 °F
| [storage temp. ]
Flammables area | [solubility ]
slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether and dimethylformamide | [form ]
Liquid | [color ]
Clear | [Stability:]
Stable. Combustible. Substances to be avoided include strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents and strong reducing agents. | [Water Solubility ]
Miscible with benzene, alcohol, ether and dimethylformamide. Slightly soluble in water. | [Merck ]
14,1597 | [BRN ]
1361452 | [Dielectric constant]
20.7（21℃） | [Exposure limits]
TLV-TWA 22.5 mg/m3 (8 ppm) (NIOSH). | [LogP]
0.401 at 30℃ | [Uses]
Basic material in industrial, chemical, and
pharmaceutical intermediates and products; poul-
try medicines.
| [CAS DataBase Reference]
109-74-0(CAS DataBase Reference) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
Butanenitrile (109-74-0) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
T | [Risk Statements ]
R10:Flammable.
R23/24/25:Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed . | [Safety Statements ]
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) . | [RIDADR ]
UN 2411 3/PG 2
| [WGK Germany ]
1
| [RTECS ]
ET8750000
| [Autoignition Temperature]
910 °F | [Hazard Note ]
Toxic | [TSCA ]
Yes | [HazardClass ]
3 | [PackingGroup ]
II | [HS Code ]
29269095 | [Safety Profile]
A poison by ingestion,
skin contact, intraperitoneal, and
subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by
inhalation. Experimental reproductive data.
A skin irritant. Dangerous fire hazard when
exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. To
fight fire, use alcohol foam. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx
and CN-. | [Hazardous Substances Data]
109-74-0(Hazardous Substances Data) | [Toxicity]
LD50 orally in rats: 0.14 g/kg (Smyth) |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [General Description]
A clear colorless liquid. Flash point 76°F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. Used in the manufacture of other chemicals. | [Reactivity Profile]
BUTYRONITRILE(109-74-0) can react vigorously with oxidizing reagents, when heated to decomposition, BUTYRONITRILE(109-74-0) emits highly toxic fumes of cyanides and oxides of nitrogen [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 609]. Nitriles may polymerize in the presence of metals and some metal compounds. They are incompatible with acids; mixing nitriles with strong oxidizing acids can lead to extremely violent reactions. Nitriles are generally incompatible with other oxidizing agents such as peroxides and epoxides. The combination of bases and nitriles can produce hydrogen cyanide. Nitriles are hydrolyzed in both aqueous acid and base to give carboxylic acids (or salts of carboxylic acids). These reactions generate heat. Peroxides convert nitriles to amides. Nitriles can react vigorously with reducing agents. Acetonitrile and propionitrile are soluble in water, but nitriles higher than propionitrile have low aqueous solubility. They are also insoluble in aqueous acids. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water. | [Hazard]
Flammable, dangerous fire risk.
| [Health Hazard]
Dizziness, rapid respirations, headache, drowsiness, drop in blood pressure and pulse, delayed symptoms. May cause cyanosis (blue-grey coloring of skin and lips due to lack of oxygen) | [Fire Hazard]
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic cyanide fumes | [Chemical Properties]
colourless liquid | [Chemical Properties]
n-Butyronitrile has a sharp suffocating odor. Forms cyanide
in the body. | [Definition]
ChEBI: A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a propyl group. | [Production Methods]
n-Butyronitrile is prepared from 1-butanol by controlled cyanation with NH3 at
300°C in the presence of Ni-Al203 or zinc phosphide catalysts. | [Flammability and Explosibility]
Highlyflammable | [Industrial uses]
n-Butyronitrile is used as an industrial solvent, an intermediate in the chemical industry and in poultry medicines. | [Purification Methods]
Treat it with conc HCl until the smell of the isonitrile had gone, then dry with K2CO3 and fractionally distil [Turner J Chem Soc 1681 1956]. Alternatively it is twice heated at 75o and stirred for several hours with a mixture of 7.7g Na2CO3 and 11.5g KMnO4 per L of butyronitrile. The mixture is cooled, then distilled. The middle fraction is dried over activated alumina. [Schoeller & Wiemann J Am Chem Soc 108 22 1986, Beilstein 2 IV 806.] | [Waste Disposal]
Burning in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber is the most effective way to destroy the compound. Oxidation with ethanolic–KOH can convert butyronitrile to nonhazardous cyanate. |
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