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Journal of Hazardous Materials

Journal of Hazardous Materials

IF: 12.19
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Design and Preparation of Non-porous Amorphous PEI-Based Polymers and Their Adsorption Properties for Anionic Dyes

Published:4 December 2024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136785
Tang Henglong, Qian Mingyue, Long Zhu, Zhang Dan, Sun Chang

Abstract

In this study, we report the design and synthesis of a series of non-porous amorphous polyethyleneimine-based adsorbents, specifically PEI-PD, PEI-TC, and PEI-CC, for selective adsorption of anionic dyes from aqueous solutions. Utilizing pyromellitic dianhydride (PD), terephthaloyl chloride (TC), and cyanuric chloride (CC) as cross-linking agents, we produced adsorbents with distinct morphological and adsorption characteristics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that PEI-PD and PEI-TC exhibit rough, folded surfaces, with total pore volumes of 0.0001?cm3/g, 0.0002?cm3/g, respectively, whereas PEI-CC displays particulate features with total pore volumes of 0.0040?cm3/g, confirming non-porous nature. XRD and SAED analyses confirmed the amorphous state. Zeta potential increased for the PEI based adsorbents, correlating with enhanced electrostatic adsorption. IGMH analysis revealed non-covalent interactions, including hydrogen bonding, also contribute to adsorption. Further adsorption studies indicated pseudo-second-order and Langmuir model fits, suggesting chemisorption and monolayer adsorption. The adsorption performance was evaluated using various dyes, demonstrating that cross linker structure significantly influences adsorption efficiency. PEI-TC demonstrates the highest adsorption capacity for Congo red, reaching 3089.49?mg/g, due to its para-substituted linkage enhancing molecular flexibility, while the adsorption capacity of PEI-CC was 793.85?mg/g, as the meta-substituted CC linkage causes the molecular chains stack closely together and reduces the available free space, leading to a decreased specific surface area. Under simulated real conditions, the removal rate remained above 90%. This study offers insights into the critical role of building blocks in the development of efficient adsorbents, highlighting the importance of polymer structure on adsorption performance.

Substances (9)

Materials
Procduct Name CAS Molecular Formula Supplier Price
Potassium chloride 7447-40-7 KCl 1309 suppliers $6.00-$11230.00
Sodium chloride 7647-14-5 ClNa 1214 suppliers $5.00-$6678.62
Potassium bromide 7758-02-3 BrK 661 suppliers $1510.00
Potassium sulfate 7778-80-5 K2O4S 499 suppliers $14.00-$3111.00
Congo Red 573-58-0 C32H22N6Na2O6S2 452 suppliers $6.00-$700.00
Methylene Blue 61-73-4 C16H18ClN3S 390 suppliers $5.00-$3070.00
Humic acid 1415-93-6 C9H9NO6 344 suppliers $44.40-$4880.00
Potassium bromate 7758-01-2 BrKO3 291 suppliers $15.00-$1670.00
HUMIC ACID 308067-45-0 C9H9NO6 7 suppliers $26.00-$26.00

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