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International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

IF: 7.7
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Enzymatic hydrolysis of duck blood protein produces stable bioactive peptides: Pilot-scale production, identification, and stability during gastrointestinal and plasma digestion

Published:1 December 2024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137864 PMID: 39566759
Phanthipha Laosam, Pichitpon Luasiri, Papungkorn Sangsawad

Abstract

This study addresses the valorization of duck blood, an underutilized protein-rich by-product from the poultry industry, into bioactive protein hydrolysates with antioxidant and ACE inhibitory properties. Raw and heat-treated duck blood were compared as substrates for enzymatic hydrolysis using Neutrase and Papain. Gel electrophoresis revealed that heat treatment reduced fibrinogen content, while FTIR analysis showed that heat treatment modified the protein structure, increasing β-sheet content from 21.13?% to 34.96?%. Heat-treated duck blood hydrolyzed by Neutrase exhibited superior hydrolysis (9.53?%) and protein recovery (60.28?%) compared to raw blood. Pilot-scale production (1000?L) enhanced hydrolysate yield and maintained bioactive properties. LC-MS/MS analysis identified five novel bioactive peptides derived from the hydrolysate's 4-h simulated gastrointestinal (GI) digestion, with WMHVR demonstrating the highest antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activities. Molecular docking simulations revealed that WMHVR competitively inhibits ACE by binding to the S1, S2, and S′ pockets through van der Waals and hydrogen bonding interactions. The GI-hydrolysate and identified peptides maintained bioactivity during simulated GI and blood plasma digestion, with ACE inhibition increasing over time. This research transforms food industry waste into functional protein hydrolysates, offering applications in nutraceuticals and functional foods while promoting sustainable practices through waste protein valorization.

Substances (4)

Materials
Procduct Name CAS Molecular Formula Supplier Price
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 60-00-4 C10H16N2O8 1172 suppliers $10.00-$6397.62
Papain 9001-73-4 C9H14N4O3 498 suppliers $51.50-$3330.00
Ferrozine sodium 69898-45-9 C20H15N4NaO6S2 200 suppliers $29.00-$933.00
Proteinase, Bacillus subtilis metallo- 9080-56-2 9 suppliers $56.00-$165.00

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