Boldenone, is a synthetic anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS), often produced and administered as esterified molecules in a ready-to-use anabolic preparations: boldenone undecylenate (BOL). It is applied as a growth promoter on meat production farms [1], in order to increase the productivity and to reduce breeding expense, therefore might be abused to achieve more efficient meat production. Also it is used to improve athletic, body builder and racing horse performance in sports [2]. The abuse of esters of AAS in cattle fattening and sports is hard to control. In Egypt, BOL has been used heavily in the field of animal production. It is represented under the trade name Equipoise, Ganabol, Equigan and Ultragan[3].

Uses

There are quite a few similarities with the properties of testosterone and Boldenone Undecylenate when you compare them for muscle mass enhancement. Both have the ability to: Enhance the protein synthesis; Increase IGF-1 output; Reduce the amount of glucocorticoid hormones; Retain nitrogen [4].

In addition, Boldenone Undecylenate is able to increase the count of red blood cells in the body. Almost all anabolic steroids have this characteristic. However, it is important to understand there are concerns about just how much this supplement can increase those red blood cells. The problems tend to only be identified when Boldenone Undecylenate is taken in very large doses for excessive periods of time. While the increase of red blood cells happens fast and it can be a huge benefit, you want to avoid creating a situation with your body where those levels are too high for the best functionality. For most athletes, being able to raise red blood cells at a moderate level does have benefits [4].

Potential Toxicity

According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), BOL is classified in class 2A (growth promotors – steroids), as a probable human carcinogen with a high carcinogenic index. In light of this carcinogenic potential of AAS residues and obvious human health risks, the European Community banned the use of steroid hormones as growth-promoting agents in livestock breeding [5], but in other countries orderly applied for meat production and human uses [6]. Hence, the presence of boldenone or its metabolites in biological samples is proposed to be a marker for illegal hormone administration in various animal species especially in cattle fattening [1] [3].

Adverse Effects

Adverse effects from anabolic steroids can be attributed to the androgenic action of these steroids. Increased masculine effects are common. Increased aggressiveness may be observed. Increased incidence of some tumors has been reported in people, and 17 alpha-methylated oral anabolic steroids (oxymetholone, stanozolol, and oxandrolone) are associated with hepatic toxicity. This drug is abused by humans to enhance athletic performance and is a controlled substance. Do not administer to animals intended for food. Do not administer to pregnant animals. There are no significant drug interactions known; however, use cautiously with other drugs that may affect liver function [7]. 

References

[1] Brabander, H.F.D., et al., Presence and metabolism of the anabolic steroid boldenone in various animal species: a review. Food Additives & Contaminants, 2004. 21(6): p. 515-525.
[2] Ho, E.N.M., et al., Detection of endogenous boldenone in the entire male horses. Journal of Chromatography B Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical & Life Sciences, 2004. 808(2): p. 287-294.
[3] Mohamed, H.H.E., Boldenone Undecylenate injection Consequences on Male Rabbit Behavioral Response, Fertility and Testicular Ultrastructural Changes with Special Respect to the Withdrawal Effects. International Journal of Advanced Research, 2014. 2(2): p. 166-181.
[4] https://www.x-steroids.com/featured/boldenone-undecylenate/.