Description

Glucosamine (GlcN) is a derivative of cellular glucose metabolism. It is also a component of glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronic acid, and proteoglycans in the cartilage matrix that forms the ends of bones. Exogenous GlcN primarily exists in D-GlcN hydrochloride (HCl) and GlcN sulfate. Both forms are immediately ionized into GlcN; therefore, D-GlcN?HCl and GlcN sulfate are largely redundant. In the Glucosamine/Chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial (GAIT), GlcN?HCl supplements were used[1]. It was regarded as an environment-friendly and cheap material because its primary industrial source is from the exoskeleton of shellfish, one of the shell wastes.

Uses

D-glucosamine hydrochloride is an endogenous amino monosaccharide synthesized from glucose that is useful in the treatment of joint diseases in both humans and animals. In the study, accelerated fumarate respiration and elevated plasma levels of lactic acid and alanine were observed after oral administration of GlcN?HCl. These results indicate that oral administration of GlcN?HCl induced anaerobic respiration and starvation in cells and further suggest that lactic acid and O-GlcNAc could induce TGF-β production.

In addition, it could be used for defective passivation for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells[2]. D-GlcN?HCl additive can significantly improve the quality of perovskite film with enhanced crystallinity, compact and smooth surface, and slightly enlarged grain size, leading to reduced grain boundaries, trap densities, and thus negligible hysteresis in the resultant PVSCs. Hence, it could used as an additive to be introduced into the perovskite precursor solution to achieve high power conversion efficiency and long-term stability.

References

[1] Tomohiro Osaki. “Metabolomic analyses of blood plasma after oral administration of D-glucosamine hydrochloride to dogs.” Marine Drugs 10 8 (2012): 1873–1882.

[2] Mingya Li . “Defects passivation via d-glucosamine hydrochloride for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.” Organic Electronics 107 (2022): Article 106559.