激活素A
英文名稱
Human Activin A ELISA KIT
適用樣品基質(zhì)
cell culture supernates, serum, and plasma.
保存條件
Store at 4°C for 6 months, at -20°C for 12 months. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles (Shipped with wet ice.)
產(chǎn)品介紹
Activin and inhibin are two closely related protein complexes that have almost directly opposite biological effects. Identified in 1986,activin enhances FSH biosynthesis and secretion, and participates in the regulation of the menstrual cycle. Many other functions have been found to be exerted by activin, including roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis,metabolism, homeostasis, immune response, wound repair,and endocrine function. Conversely, inhibin downregulates FSH synthesis and inhibits FSH secretion.The existence of inhibin was hypothesized as early as 1916; however, it was not demonstrated to exist until Neena Schwartz and Cornelia Channing's work in the mid 1970s, after which both proteins were molecularly characterized ten years later. Activin is a dimer composed of two identical or very similar beta subunits. Inhibin is also a dimer wherein the first component is a beta subunit similar or identical to the beta subunit in activin. However, in contrast to activin, the second component of the inhibin dimer is a more distantly-related alpha subunit.[7][8] Activin, inhibin and a number of other structurally related proteins such as anti-Müllerian hormone, bone morphogenetic protein, and growth differentiation factor belong to the TGF-β protein superfamily. Activin is produced in the gonads, pituitary gland, placenta, and other organs: ?In the ovarian follicle, activin increases FSH binding and FSH-induced aromatization. It participates in androgen synthesis enhancing LH action in the ovary and testis. In the male, activin enhances spermatogenesis. ?Activin is strongly expressed in wounded skin, and overexpression of activin in epidermis of transgenic mice improves wound healing and enhances scar formation. Its action in wound repair and skin morphogenesis is through stimulation of keratinocytes and stromal cells in a dose-dependent manner. ?Activin also regulates the morphogenesis of branching organs such as the prostate, lung, and especially kidney. Activin A increased the expression level of type-I collagen suggesting that activin A acts as a potent activator of fibroblasts. ?Lack of activin during development results in neural developmental defects. ?Recent results suggest activin A plays a role specifically in lung cancer metastasis and possibly the metastasis of other forms of cancer. Activin A is more plentiful in the adipose tissue of obese, compared to lean persons.Activin A promotes the proliferation of adipocyte progenitor cells, while inhibiting their differentiation into adipocytes.Activin A also increases inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. A mutation in the gene for the activin receptor ACVR1 results in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, a fatal disease that causes muscle and soft tissue to gradually be replaced by bone tissue.This condition is characterized by the formation of an extra skeleton that produces immobilization and eventually death by suffocation.The mutation in ACVR1 causes activin A, which normally acts as an antagonist of the receptor and blocks osteogenesis (bone growth), to behave as an agonist of the receptor and to induce hyperactive bone growth.On 2 September 2015, Regeneron announced that they had developed an antibody for activin A that effectively cures the disease in an animal model of the condition.
Important Note:
This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications
方法:雙抗夾心法
保質(zhì)期:12個(gè)月
測(cè)定長(zhǎng)度: 1-4.5小時(shí) 1-3.5小時(shí)
優(yōu)點(diǎn):
有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的價(jià)格。 預(yù)稀釋的檢測(cè)試劑A和B
高靈敏度。 減少進(jìn)行測(cè)試時(shí)的步驟數(shù)
高穩(wěn)定性。 所有試劑均可在4℃下保存
保質(zhì)期12個(gè)月。 與其他品牌相比反應(yīng)更快
保質(zhì)期12個(gè)月
包裝描述:
測(cè)定步驟總結(jié)
1.準(zhǔn)備所有試劑,樣品和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品;
2.向每個(gè)孔中添加100µL標(biāo)準(zhǔn)液或樣品。在37℃下孵育2小時(shí);
3.吸出并加入100µL準(zhǔn)備好的檢測(cè)試劑A。在37℃孵育1小時(shí);
4.吸凈并清洗3次;
5.加入100µL制備的檢測(cè)試劑B。在37℃孵育1小時(shí);
6.吸氣并清洗5次;
7.添加90µL底物溶液。在37℃下孵育15-25分鐘;
8.添加50µL終止液。立即在450nm處讀取。
需自備的設(shè)備及試劑
450±10nm濾光片的酶標(biāo)儀(建議儀器使用前提前預(yù)熱)
單道或多道微量加液器及吸頭
稀釋樣品的EP管
蒸餾水或去離子水
吸水紙
盛放洗液的容器
試劑盒的儲(chǔ)存及有效期
未開封的試劑盒:所有試劑均按試劑瓶標(biāo)簽上所示保存。請(qǐng)注意,收到試劑盒后請(qǐng)盡快將TMB 洗滌液,終止液保存于4℃,其他試劑保存于-20℃。
使用后的試劑盒:剩余試劑仍需按照試劑瓶標(biāo)簽所示的溫度保存,開封后的酶標(biāo)板要加干燥劑后密封保存于-20℃,避免潮濕。
穩(wěn)定性
經(jīng)測(cè)定,試劑盒在有效期內(nèi)按推薦溫度保存,其活性降低率小于5%。
為減小外部因素對(duì)試劑盒破壞前后檢測(cè)值的影響,實(shí)驗(yàn)室的環(huán)境條件需盡量保持一致,尤其是實(shí)驗(yàn)室內(nèi)溫度、濕度及溫育條件。其次由同一實(shí)驗(yàn)員來進(jìn)行操作可減少人為誤差。
注意:
試劑盒內(nèi)酶標(biāo)條可拆卸,按實(shí)驗(yàn)需求可分多次使用;使用后的剩余試劑盒建議在首次實(shí)驗(yàn)后 1個(gè)月內(nèi)使用完畢。產(chǎn)品過期時(shí)間以盒子上的標(biāo)簽為準(zhǔn),保質(zhì)期內(nèi)所有組分都確保是穩(wěn)定的。
ELISA實(shí)驗(yàn)常見問題分析
ELISA實(shí)驗(yàn)因靈敏度高,特異性強(qiáng)在生物科研上得到了廣泛的認(rèn)可,但對(duì)初學(xué)者而言,如不注意實(shí)驗(yàn)操作過程中的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),可能會(huì)對(duì)最終的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果產(chǎn)生比較大的影響,比如實(shí)驗(yàn)出現(xiàn)白板,顯色弱靈敏度低,花板無梯度背景高等現(xiàn)象。下面對(duì)以上實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行一一解析。
1.白板現(xiàn)象
在完成所有實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟進(jìn)行底物TMB溶液顯色后,酶標(biāo)板中所有孔的顏色均為無色,即無信號(hào)呈現(xiàn)。
出現(xiàn)該現(xiàn)象的可能原因:
a.試劑已過保質(zhì)期,不同批次稀釋液交叉使用。
b.錯(cuò)加漏加檢測(cè)A,檢測(cè)B或者底物溶液TMB。
c.洗板或者加樣過程中,酶標(biāo)記物被污染失活,稀釋液中含有酶抑制劑如疊氮吶等。
d.配置稀釋液的蒸餾水可能被污染。
e.洗滌液是濃縮型的,沒有按比例進(jìn)行稀釋。
f.酶標(biāo)記物的活性和效價(jià)比較低。
g.溶液的PH值不正確,一般稀釋液的PH值應(yīng)保持在7.2-7.4。
2.顯色弱靈敏度低
在完成所有實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟進(jìn)行底物TMB溶液顯色后,酶標(biāo)板中孔的顯色比較淺,即只有微弱的信號(hào)呈現(xiàn)。
出現(xiàn)該現(xiàn)象的可能原因:
a.產(chǎn)品過有效期,試劑沒有按規(guī)定進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)谋4妗?/p>
b.試劑,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品或者樣品在使用前沒有平衡到室溫。
c.少加了試劑的量或者加入試劑的稀釋比例不當(dāng)。
d.洗板或者加樣過程中,酶標(biāo)物受污染失活。
e.孵育時(shí)間和孵育溫度未達(dá)到實(shí)驗(yàn)要求。
f.洗滌液稀釋倍數(shù)不符合要求,洗板次數(shù)過多,洗板沖擊力過大,洗板浸泡時(shí)間過長(zhǎng)。
g.底物溶液TMB顯色時(shí)間太短。
3.花板無梯度背景高
在完成所有實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟進(jìn)行底物TMB溶液顯色后,酶標(biāo)板中的孔有顏色但沒有梯度,背景也可能較高.
出現(xiàn)該現(xiàn)象的可能原因:
a.底物溶液TMB未置于陰涼避光處保存,實(shí)驗(yàn)前溶液已經(jīng)變藍(lán)。
b.孵育溫度過高或者孵育時(shí)間過長(zhǎng),發(fā)生了較強(qiáng)的非特異性吸附。
c.沒有按說明書要求洗板,特別是洗板時(shí)洗滌液的量少加了。
d.加樣時(shí)沒有換槍頭造成交叉污染。
e.花板現(xiàn)象:低濃度或者低活性的包被抗體或者檢測(cè)抗體,封閉不足導(dǎo)致的本底不穩(wěn)定,洗板不充分,包被板子的問題。
綜上所述:在ELISA實(shí)驗(yàn)中應(yīng)注意以下問題:
1.在實(shí)驗(yàn)前應(yīng)該按相關(guān)要求將實(shí)驗(yàn)試劑平衡至室溫。
2.包被抗體和檢測(cè)抗體應(yīng)該是有高活性的且都針對(duì)同一抗原。
3.試劑保存:蛋白抗體類試劑保存于-20攝氏度,顯色液洗滌液保存于2-8攝氏度。
4.各試劑在使用前應(yīng)充分混勻,以保證試劑的均一性和準(zhǔn)確性。
5.嚴(yán)格控制反應(yīng)溫度和反應(yīng)試劑。
6.洗板次數(shù),洗板液的量,洗板液浸泡時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短,洗板的力度都是應(yīng)該注意的問題。
7.相關(guān)濃縮液應(yīng)按要求稀釋到相應(yīng)比例方可使用,PH值要保持在7.2-7.4之間。
8.在終止反應(yīng)時(shí)盡量避免微孔中存有氣泡。
9.終止反應(yīng)完成后應(yīng)該在2min內(nèi)完成酶標(biāo)儀讀數(shù)。
特別提示:本公司的所有產(chǎn)品僅用于科研實(shí)驗(yàn),嚴(yán)禁用于臨床醫(yī)療及其他非科研用途!
關(guān)鍵字: Activin A;激活素A;Human Activin A ELISA KIT
上海康朗生物科技有限公司是一家集研發(fā)、生產(chǎn)、銷售、服務(wù)于一體的一家生物科技企業(yè),專營(yíng)生化試劑、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品、基因、蛋白、抗體、Elisa試劑盒、細(xì)胞生物學(xué),分子生物學(xué)等高生物產(chǎn)品??偛课挥谏虾?,并在北京、廣東,江西,吉林等全國(guó)30多個(gè)省市設(shè)有分公司和代理機(jī)構(gòu)。涉及的產(chǎn)品被中國(guó)科學(xué)院、清華、北大、復(fù)旦,上海交大,復(fù)旦醫(yī)學(xué)院,上海中醫(yī)藥大學(xué),華東師范大學(xué),第二軍醫(yī)大學(xué),曙光醫(yī)院,浦東新區(qū)人民醫(yī)院等知名科研院所廣泛使用,可靠而穩(wěn)定的質(zhì)量和完善的售后服務(wù)確。