The inhibition of PARP is analyzed in A549 and H1299 cells using the HT Universal Chemiluminescent PARP Assay Kit. Briefly, cells are treated with DMSO or 1 μM Niraparib (MK-4827) for 15, 30, 60, or 120 minutes, trypsinized, and transferred to a pre-chilled tube. The cells are washed twice with ice cold PBS and resuspended in cold PARP extraction buffer. The cell suspensions are incubated on ice for 30 minutes with periodic vortexing to disrupt the cell membrane. The suspensions are centrifuged and the supernatant transferred to a pre-chilled tube on ice. The histone coated wells of the 96-well plate are rehydrated with 1X PARP buffer and incubated at room temperature for 30 minutes. The PARP buffer is removed and 20 μg of protein as determined by the Bio-Rad Protein Assay is added to each well followed by diluted PARP-HSA enzyme and 1X PARP buffer. The strip wells are then incubated at room temperature for 60 minutes, washed twice with PBS containing 0.1% Triton X-100, and then washed with PBS. Diluted Strep-HRP is added to the strip wells and incubated for 60 minutes at room temperature. The wells are washed again as before. Equal volumes of PeroxyGlow A and B are combined and added to the wells and chemiluminescent readings are obtained immediately using a plate-reader^[2].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Mice^[3]
Female nude mice (Ncr Nu/Nu) are randomly assigned to treatment groups consisting of 5 to 8 mice each when tumors grew to 6.0 mm in diameter at which time treatment with MK-4827 is initiated. MK-4827 is given at a dose of 25 mg/kg twice daily or 50 mg/kg once daily for either 21 days or is discontinued at 9 days from the time tumors reached 8 mm in diameter. Fractionated local tumor irradiation (XRT) is given when tumors reach 8.0 mm in diameter (7.7-8.2 mm). Radiation (2 Gy per fraction) is delivered to the tumor-bearing leg of mice once daily for 14 consecutive days or twice daily for 7 consecutive days using a small-animal irradiator consisting of two parallel-opposed 137Cs sources, at a dose rate of 5 Gy/min. During irradiation un-anesthetized mice are mechanically immobilized in a jig so that the tumor is centered within a 3.0 cm diameter radiation field and the animal’s body shielded from radiation exposure. On the day when both MK-4827 and radiation are given, drug is administered 1 h before the first radiation dose of the day.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

• [1]. Jones P, et al. Discovery of 2-{4-[(3S)-piperidin-3-yl]phenyl}-2H-indazole-7-carboxamide (MK-4827): a novel oral poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) inhibitor efficacious in BRCA-1 and -2 mutant tumors. J Med Chem. 2009 Nov 26;52(22):7170-85.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Bridges KA, et al. Niraparib (MK-4827), a novel poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase inhibitor, radiosensitizes human lung and breast cancer cells. Oncotarget. 2014 Jul 15;5(13):5076-86.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Wang L, et al. MK-4827, a PARP-1/-2 inhibitor, strongly enhances response of human lung and breast cancer xenografts to radiation. Invest New Drugs. 2012 Dec;30(6):2113-20.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Mirza MR, et al. Niraparib Maintenance Therapy in Platinum-Sensitive, Recurrent Ovarian Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2016 Dec 1;375(22):2154-2164.  [Content Brief]