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Puromycin dihydrochloride

Catalog No.
B7587
allows selection for cells expressing the resistance gene puromycin N-acetyl-transferase (PAC) and successful Cas9-induced knock-in with puromycin resistance gene.
Grouped product items
SizePriceStock Qty
10mM (in 1mL H2O)
$60.00
In stock
20mg
$70.00
In stock
50mg
$140.00
In stock
For scientific research use only and should not be used for diagnostic or medical purposes.

Tel: +1-832-696-8203

Email: [email protected]

Worldwide Distributors

Background

Puromycin dihydrochloride [1] is an analog of aminoacyl-tRNA. Puromycin dihydrochloride allows selection for cells expressing the resistance gene puromycin N-acetyl-transferase (PAC) and is useful in CRISPR/Cas9 mammalian gene editing by selecting for successful Cas9-induced knock-in with puromycin resistance gene. It inhibits the incorporation of aminoacyl-tRNA into the C-terminal on a synthesizing polypeptide, resulting in the premature termination of the polypeptide chain.

Puromycin is toxic to the growth of various eukaryote cells including mammalian cells. Concentrations of puromycin sufficient to inhibit the cell growth of mammalian cells range from 0.5-10 μg/ml. IC90s for puromycin to inhibit the growth of Plasmodium falciparum and Giardia lamblia are 60 ng/ml and 54 μg/ml, respectively [2]. Aminoacyl-tRNA is used as the material for elongation of a synthesizing polypeptide on a ribosome [2].

When treated with puromycin dihydrochloride at different concentrations, the growth rates of T. thermophila changed. In the first 24 h, puromycin dihydrochloride at a concentration of 50 μg/ml reduced the growth rate by 80%, but did not completely block the cell growth; until 72 h, there was a gradual cell number increase. At 100 μg/ml, puromycin dihydrochloride completely blocked the cell growth; in the first 48 h under this condition, almost all of the cells died, surviving cells grew rapidly after 48 h. Puromycin dihydrochloride at 150 μg/ml completely inhibited the cell growth for 72 h. By 72 h, the majority of cells died, and then surviving cells grew. Puromycin dihydrochloride at 200 μg/ml made almost all the cells die by 48 h, and hence no survivors appeared [2].

In animals of 25 days old, 180 or 120 min of previous exposure to puromycin dihydrochloride inhibited subsequent amino acid transport. In animals of 50 days old, however, puromycin dihydrochloride failed to inhibit α-aminoisobutyric acid uptake [3].

References:
[1].? Mi. Sundaralingami and S. K. Arora. Stereochemistry of nucleic acids and their constituents. IX. The conformation of the antibiotic puromycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate. Proc. N. A. S., 1969, 64(3):1021-6.
[2].? Masaaki Iwamoto, ChieMori, Yasushi Hiraoka, et al. Puromycin resistance gene as an effective selection marker for ciliate Tetrahymena. Gene, 2014, 534:249–255.
[3].? Elsas L.J. II, MacDonell R.C. Jr. and Rosenberg L.E. Influence of age on insulin stimulation of amino acid uptake in rat diaphragm. J. Biol. Chem., 1971, 246(21):6452-6459.

Product Citation

Chemical Properties

Physical AppearanceA solid
StorageStore at -20°C
M.Wt544.43
Cas No.58-58-2
FormulaC22H29N7O5·2HCl
Solubility≥27.2 mg/mL in DMSO; ≥3.27 mg/mL in EtOH with ultrasonic; ≥99.4 mg/mL in H2O
Chemical Name(S)-2-amino-N-((2S,3R,4S,5R)-5-(6-(dimethylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propanamide dihydrochloride
SDFDownload SDF
Canonical SMILESO[C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N2C3=NC=NC(N(C)C)=C3N=C2)NC([C@H](CC(C=C4)=CC=C4OC)N)=O.Cl.Cl
Shipping ConditionSmall Molecules with Blue Ice, Modified Nucleotides with Dry Ice.
General tips We do not recommend long-term storage for the solution, please use it up soon.

Protocol

Cell experiment [1]:

Cell lines

T. thermophila cells

Preparation method

The solubility of this compound in DMSO is > 10 mM. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37 °C for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below - 20 °C for several months.

Reacting condition

0 ~ 200 μg/mL; 0 ~ 72 hrs

Applications

Puromycin Dihydrochloride, at the dose of 200 μg/mL, killed all T. thermophila cells by 48 hrs. At later time points, there was no survivors.
Animal experiment [2]:

Animal models

25-day- and 50-day- old mice

Dosage form

0.2 mg/g; i.p.

Applications

Puromycin Dihydrochloride, an autophagic inducer, elevated the level of free ribosomes. Up to 70% of cytoplasmic ribosomes were recovered in the free form, 30 to 60 mins after Puromycin Dihydrochloride treatment.

Other notes

Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal.

References:

[1]. Masaaki Iwamoto, ChieMori, Yasushi Hiraoka, et al. Puromycin resistance gene as an effective selection marker for ciliate Tetrahymena. Gene, 2014, 534:249–255.

[2]. Réz G, Kiss A, Bucsek MJ, Kovács J. Attachment of ribosomes to endoplasmic membranes in mouse pancreas. Degranulation in vivo caused by the inducers of autophagocytosis neutral red, vinblastine, puromycin, and cadmium ions, and prevention by cycloheximide. Chem Biol Interact. 1976 Apr;13(1):77-87.

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