99.0%(GC)| A1460008|Formula:C6H6O3|Molecular Weight:126.1150000+ products instock " />
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Surveying the scope of aromatic decarboxylations catalyzed by prenylated-flavin dependent enzymes
Anushree Mondal ; Pronay Roy ; Jaclyn Carrannatto , et al. Faraday Discuss.,2024,252,208-222. DOI: 10.1039/D4FD00006D PubMed ID: 38837123
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Abstract: The prenylated-flavin mononucleotide-dependent decarboxylases (also known as UbiD-like enzymes) are the most recently discovered family of decarboxylases. The modified flavin facilitates the decarboxylation of unsaturated carboxylic acids through a novel mechanism involving 1,3-dipolar cyclo-addition chemistry. UbiD-like enzymes have attracted considerable interest for biocatalysis applications due to their ability to catalyse (de)carboxylation reactions on a broad range of aromatic substrates at otherwise unreactive carbon centres. There are now ~35[thin space (1/6-em)]000 protein sequences annotated as hypothetical UbiD-like enzymes. Sequence similarity network analyses of the UbiD protein family suggests that there are likely dozens of distinct decarboxylase enzymes represented within this family. Furthermore, many of the enzymes so far characterized can decarboxylate a broad range of substrates. Here we describe a strategy to identify potential substrates of UbiD-like enzymes based on detecting enzyme-catalysed solvent deuterium exchange into potential substrates. Using ferulic acid decarboxylase (FDC) as a model system, we tested a diverse range of aromatic and heterocyclic molecules for their ability to undergo enzyme-catalysed H/D exchange in deuterated buffer. We found that FDC catalyses H/D exchange, albeit at generally very low levels, into a wide range of small, aromatic molecules that have little resemblance to its physiological substrate. In contrast, the sub-set of aromatic carboxylic acids that are substrates for FDC-catalysed decarboxylation is much smaller. We discuss the implications of these findings for screening uncharacterized UbiD-like enzymes for novel (de)carboxylase activity.
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CAS No. : | 87-66-1 | MDL No. : | MFCD00002192 |
Formula : | C6H6O3 | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | - | InChI Key : | WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 126.11 | Pubchem ID : | 1057 |
Synonyms : |
Antioxidant PY;1,2,3-Trihydroxybenzene;2,3-dihydroxy Phenol;NSC 5035;Fouramine Brown AP;C.I. 76515;Benzene-1,2,3-triol
|
Chemical Name : | Benzene-1,2,3-triol |
Signal Word: | Danger | Class: | 6.1 |
Precautionary Statements: | P270-P271-P201-P202-P261-P264-P280-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P301+P310-P302+P352-P312-P330-P362+P364-P405-P501 | UN#: | 2811 |
Hazard Statements: | H301-H315-H319-H341-H412-H312+H332 | Packing Group: | Ⅲ |
GHS Pictogram: |
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* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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With dihydrogen peroxide; acetic acid;horseradish peroxidase; In water; acetone; at 30℃; for 1.0h;Enzymatic reaction; | EXAMPLE 7; (1) Preparations of CompoundsSyntheses of Compounds 12 and 14 (theaflavanin 3-O-gallate) with Peroxidase; Used were horseradish peroxidase from Zymed Laboratories, Inc. as a peroxidase, epicatechin 3-O-gallate (ECG) of 90% purity or higher, which was purified by reversed-phase HPLC from tea extract, and pyrogallol from Nacalai Tesque, Inc. (99.0% purity).(2) ReactionsIn 10 ml of a 0.058 M acetic acid buffer, 4.3 mg of the horseradish peroxidase was dissolved, and to this solution, 250 mg of ECG (0.566 mmol) dissolved in 500 mul of acetone and 192.8 mg of pyrogallol (1.53 mmol) dissolved in 500 mul of acetone were added followed by stirring. Under 30 C. condition, 450 mul of a 3% (w/v) hydrogen peroxide solution was added to initiate a reaction. For improvement of reaction efficiency, 450 mul of a 3% (w/v) hydrogen peroxide solution was added twice, i.e., after 10 and 20 minutes of the reaction initiation. Added were 192.8 mg of pyrogallol (1.53 mmol) and 450 mul of a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution after 30 minutes of the reaction initiation, and then reacted for another 30 minutes.After 60 minutes of the reaction initiation, the reaction solution was loaded on a reversed-phase stationary phase (Waters Corp., Sep-Pak, C18-Vac 20 cc (5 g)) followed by washing with 40 ml of distilled water. Consecutive elutions were then performed with 20 ml of a 20% (v/v) aqueous acetonitrile solution and then with 40 ml of a 70% (v/v) aqueous acetonitrile solution. The 70% acetonitrile eluate was concentrated and lyophilized to obtain 68.0 mg of a fraction containing Compounds 12 and 14 (theaflavanin 3-O-gallate).The mixture containing Compounds 12 and 14 (theaflavanin 3-O-gallate) was purified by HPLC under the conditions below.The mixture was loaded on YMC-Pak Polymer C-18 (20×300 mm, YMC Co., Ltd.), and in the presence of 0.1% formic acid, a 30-minute isocratic elution with 30% acetonitrile and then an elution with a linear gradient of 30-45% acetonitrile (6 ml/min, 150 minutes) were performed. The component eluted at between 144 and 148 minutes and that eluted at between 158 and 162 minutes were lyophilized to obtain 3.9 mg of the compound identical to Compound 12 shown in Example 2 and 3.0 mg of Compound 14 (theaflavanin 3-O-gallate). Further, the component eluted at between 108 and 113 minutes in this chromatogram was lyophilized to obtain 36 mg of a brown solid (Compound 1 in Example 2: purprogallin). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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79% | With sodium carbonate; In water; at 25.0℃; for 2.0h; | General procedure: Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-2-carbaldehyde [40] (100 mg,0.68 mmol, 1.0 equiv.), 58 mg malononitrile (0.88 mmol, 1.3equiv.), and enolizable compounds (0.88 mmol, 1.3 equiv.)were dissolved in 5 cm3water or a mixture of water:ethylalcohol (4:1). Sodium carbonate (0.88 mmol, 93 mg, 1.3equiv.) in 2 cm3water was added and the mixture was stirredat room temperature for various times (2-7 h). The reactionprocess was monitored with thin layer chromatographyusing different ratio of hexane:ethyl acetate mixture assolvent. After completion of the reaction, the mixture waspoured into brine solution and stirred for 15 min. The resultingsolid was suction filtered using filter paper with smallpore size and washed with water. The pure products 4a-4gwere obtained by crystallization or washing with varioussolvents. Products were stored under argon atmosphere toprevent decomposition. |