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High-throughput screening of α-chiral-primary amines to determine yield and enantiomeric excess
Moor, Sarah R. ; Howard, James R. ; Herrera, Brenden T. , et al. Tetrahedron,2021,94,132315. DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132315 PubMed ID: 34744194
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Abstract: A novel screening protocol was developed using a combination of a fluorescent indicator displacement assay and a CD (CD) active Fe(II) complex to determine concentration and enantiomeric excess (ee) of α-chiral amines, resp. The analyte concentration is quantified with a pre-formed non-fluorescent imine, where transmission with the chiral amine results in displacement of the fluorophore 2-naphthylamine. After discerning the concentration of amine via fluorescence in a well-plate reader, the analyte is then incorporated into a three-component octahedral Fe(II) assembly for ee determination using an EKKO CD plate-reader. With these two assays, both the ee and yield of asym. transformations of 192 samples could be determined with acceptable errors in under 15 min (not counting the preparation time). This combined speed and accuracy provides an attractive solution to overcoming anal. bottlenecks when creating α-chiral amines.
Keywords: Circular Dichroism ; Fluorescence ; High-throughput screening ; Indicator displacement assay
Purchased from AmBeed: 1849-55-4 ; 374898-01-8 ; 59163-91-6 ; 5913-13-3
CAS No. : | 374898-01-8 | MDL No. : | MFCD03093090 |
Formula : | C8H10FN | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | - | InChI Key : | QGCLEUGNYRXBMZ-ZCFIWIBFSA-N |
M.W : | 139.17 | Pubchem ID : | 6950187 |
Synonyms : |
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Signal Word: | Danger | Class: | 8 |
Precautionary Statements: | P210-P264-P280-P301+P330+P331-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340+P310-P305+P351+P338+P310-P363-P370+P378-P403+P235-P405-P501 | UN#: | 2735 |
Hazard Statements: | H227-H314 | Packing Group: | Ⅲ |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
81% | In butan-1-ol; at 145℃; for 24h; | General procedure: Compound 1 (1.00 g, 4.01 mmol) was mixed with the benzylamine (12.03 mmol) and 1-butanol (3.5 mL) and agitated at 145 C for 18-24 h. Then the mixture was cooled to rt, diluted with water (50 mL) and diethyl ether (150 mL) or EtOAc (150 mL). After phase separation, the water phase was extracted with more diethyl ether (2 × 50 mL) or EtOAc (2 × 50 mL). The combined organic phases were washed with saturated aq NaCl solution (50 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo, before the crude oil was dried under reduced pressure to constant weight to remove excess benzylamine. The compounds were purified by silica-gel column chromatography or crystallized as specified for each individual compound. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
87% | With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; N-[(dimethylamino)-3-oxo-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridin-1-yl-methylene]-N-methylmethanaminium hexafluorophosphate; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 20℃; for 16h; | General procedure: To solutions of 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propanoic acid(100 mg, 0.43 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) were added 2-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl uronium hexafluorophosphate(HATU; 200 mg, 0.53 mmol), the correspondingbenzylamines (0.50 mmol), and diisopropylethylamine (100 lL,0.57 mmol). The resulting mixtures were stirred at room temperaturefor 16 h, then poured into water (20 mL). The aqueousmixtures were then stirred at room temperature until solids precipitate.The solids were filtered, rinsed with water, and dried toprovide solids that were recrystallized from CH2Cl2/hexane to providethe products 27a-p. With the exception of 27d and 27e, theremaining compounds were isolated as inseparable mixtures ofdiastereomers; where possible, the matched pairs of NMR signalsare noted. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
42% | With pyridine; chloro-trimethyl-silane; triethylamine; at 80℃; for 15h; | To a solution of compound (R)-4-fluoro-beta-methylbenzylamine HCl (1.32 g, 7.57 mmol) and Int 11-a (2 g, 22.7 mmol) in pyridine (40 mL) was added TMSCl (12.7 g, 113 mmol) and TEA (5.3 g, 53 mmol). The mixture was allowed to stir at 80° C. for about 15 hours, cooled then treated with 200 mL of EtOAc. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and chromatographed to provide 0.61 g (42percent) of compound Int 11-1 as yellow oil. 1H NMR (CD3OD) delta 8.66 (s, 2H), 7.43-7.39 (m, 2H), 7.18-7.14 (m, 2H), 5.69 (q, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 1.88 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H). MS-ESI (m/z): 192 (M+H)+. |
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