Development and Validation of a Quantification Method for Direct Oral Anticoagulants from Capillary Blood Using Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling and Online Spe-Lc-Ms
Patrick Opitz
;
Isabel Waltering
;
Georg Hempel
SSRN,4781116.
DOI:
10.2139/ssrn.4781116
More
Abstract: The number of prescriptions for new direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) apixaban, edoxaban, rivaroxaban and dabigatran has increased exponentially in recent years, increasingly replacing the old gold standard, vitamin-K-antagonists. Due to their wide therapeutic range, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is not required, although it has been proven that this could significantly reduce side effects. In order to develop a cost-efficient and simple method for the simultaneous detection of the DOACs and phenprocoumon, a new technology for sample preparation from capillary blood in the ambulant sector named VAMS? was integrated and an LC-MS detector with on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) applying a Turboflow HTLC CycloneTM 1.0x50 mm column was used. The mobile phase consisted of methanol with water (3/97 v/v) and 0.1% ammonia solution with a flow rate of 2.5 mL/min. For the chromatographic separation, a Phenomenex LTD Kinetex 2.6 μm C18 100 ?, 100x3.0 mm column with a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min in gradient mode was utilized. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile, water and formic acid (A: 10:90:0.1 v/v and B: 95:05:0.1 v/v). The method was fully validated in the therapeutic range of the substances according to current guidelines. The LLOQ ranged from 3.5 μg/L for rivaroxaban to 88 μg/L for phenprocoumon and the intra-day and inter-day precision was less than 13% and 12%, while the accuracy was within a range of 85.7-113% and 88.7-106%, respectively. Samples could be stored in the mitra? devices for at least seven days at room temperature except of dabigatran. Because the mitras? were used, no significant haematocrit effect could be observed. A reliable, simple and cost-effective extraction and analysis LC-MS method could be developed and validated. This method is therefore applicable in ambulatory care.
Keywords:
therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) ;
anticoagulant ;
volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) ;
LC-MS ;
Validation ;
On-line solid phase extraction (SPE)
Purchased from AmBeed:
366789-02-8
Direct Oral FXa Inhibitors Binding to Human Serum Albumin: Spectroscopic, Calorimetric, and Computational Studies
Marino-Ocampo, Nory
;
Rodriguez, Diego F.
;
Guerra Diaz, Daniel
, et al.
Int. J. Mol. Sci.,2023,24(5):4900.
DOI:
10.3390/ijms24054900
PubMed ID:
36902328
More
Abstract: Direct FXa inhibitors are an important class of bioactive mols. (rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, and betrixaban) applied for thromboprophylaxis in diverse cardiovascular pathologies. The interaction of active compounds with human serum albumin (HSA), the most abundant protein in blood plasma, is a key research area and provides crucial information about drugs' pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic properties. This research focuses on the study of the interactions between HSA and four com. available direct oral FXa inhibitors, applying methodologies including steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and mol. dynamics. The HSA complexation of FXa inhibitors was found to occur via static quenching, and the complex formation in the ground states affects the fluorescence of HSA, with a moderate binding constant of 104 M-1. However, the ITC studies reported significantly different binding constants (103 M-1) compared with the results obtained through spectrophotometric methods. The suspected binding mode is supported by mol. dynamics simulations, where the predominant interactions were hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions (mainly π-π stacking interactions between the Ph ring of FXa inhibitors and the indole moiety of Trp214). Finally, the possible implications of the obtained results regarding pathologies such as hypoalbuminemia are briefly discussed.
Keywords:
FXa inhibitors ;
human serum albumin ;
fluorescence ;
isothermal titration calorimetry ;
molecular modeling ;
direct oral FXa inhibitors ;
commercially available FXa inhibitors ;
apixaban ;
rivaroxaban ;
edoxaban ;
betrixaban
...More
Purchased from AmBeed:
503612-47-3 ;
366789-02-8 ;
330942-05-7
Chemistry
Pharmaceutical Intermediates
Inhibitors/Agonists
Material Science
For Research Only
120K+ Compounds
Competitive Price
1-2 Day Shipping
