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[ CAS No. 3375-31-3 ] {[proInfo.proName]}

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Chemical Structure| 3375-31-3
Chemical Structure| 3375-31-3
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Quality Control of [ 3375-31-3 ]

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Product Citations

Product Citations      Expand+

Meador, William E ; Saucier, Matthew A ; Tucker, Max R , et al. DOI:

Abstract: Shortwave infrared (SWIR, 1000-1700 nm) and extended SWIR (ESWIR, 1700-2700 nm) absorbing materials are valuable for applications including fluorescence based biological imaging, photodetectors, and light emitting diodes. Currently, ESWIR absorbing materials are largely dominated by inorganic semiconductors which are often costly both in raw materials and manufacturing processes used to produce them. The development of ESWIR absorbing organic molecules is thus of interest due to the tunability, solution processability, and low cost of organic materials compared to their inorganic counterparts. Herein, through the combination of heterocyclic indolizine donors and an antiaromatic fluorene core, a series of organic chromophores with absorption maxima ranging from 1470-2088 nm (0.84-0.59 eV) and absorption onsets ranging from 1693-2596 nm (0.73-0.48 eV) are designed and synthesized. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of these chromophores, referred to as FluIndz herein, are described via absorption spectroscopy in 17 solvents, cyclic voltammetry, solution photostability, and transient absorption spectroscopy. Molecular orbital energies, predicted electronic transitions, and antiaromaticity are compared to higher energy absorbing chromophores using density functional theory. The presence of thermally accessible diradical states is demonstrated using density functional theory and EPR spectroscopy, while XRD crystallography confirms structural connectivity and existence as a single molecule. Overall, the FluIndz chromophore scaffold exhibits a rational means to access organic chromophores with extremely narrow optical gaps.

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Diana M. Soto-Martínez ; Garrett D. Clements ; John E. Díaza, Joy Becher , et al. DOI: PubMed ID:

Abstract: The von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) protein serves as the substrate recognition subunit of the multi-subunit Cullin-2 RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL2VHL), which regulates intracellular concentrations of hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) through a ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) cascade. Strategic recruitment of CRL2VHL by bi- or trifunctional targeted protein degraders (e.g., PROTACs?) offers the prospect of promoting aberrant polyubiquitination and ensuing proteasomal degradation of disease-related proteins. Non-peptidic, L-hydroxyproline-bearing VHL ligands such as VH032 (1) and its chiral benzylic amine analog Me-VH032 (2), are functional components of targeted protein degraders commonly employed for this purpose. Herein, we compare two approaches for the preparation of 1 and 2 primarily highlighting performance differences between Pd(OAc)2 and Pd-PEPPSI-IPr for the key C–H arylation of 4-methylthiazole. Results from this comparison prompted the development of a unified, five-step route for the preparation of either VH032 (1) or Me-VH032 (2) in multigram quantities, resulting in yields of 56% and 61% for 1 and 2, respectively. Application of N-Boc-L-4-hydroxyproline rather than N-tert-butoxycarbonyl to shield the benzylic amine during the coupling step enhances step economy. Additionally, we identified previously undisclosed minor byproducts generated during arylation steps along with observations from amine deprotection and amidation reaction steps that may prove helpful not only for the preparation of 1 and 2, but for other VHL recruiting ligands, as well.

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Zhumin Zhang ; Jordan L. Chasteen ; Bradley D. Smith DOI:

Abstract: The chemosensor literature contains many reports of fluorescence sensing using polyaromatic hydrocarbon fluorophores such as pyrene, , or polyaryl(ethynylene), where the fluorophore is excited with ultraviolet light (<400 nm) and emits in the visible region of 400–500 nm. There is a need for general methods that convert these “turn-on” hydrocarbon fluorescent sensors into ratiometric sensing paradigms. One simple strategy is to mix the responsive hydrocarbon sensor with a second non-responsive dye that is excited by ultraviolet light but emits at a distinctly longer wavelength and thus acts as a reference signal. Five new cyanine dye cassettes were created by covalently attaching a pyrene, , or biphenyl(ethynylene) component as the ultraviolet-absorbing energy donor directly to the pentamethine chain of a deep-red cyanine (Cy5) energy acceptor. Fluorescence emission studies showed that these Cy5-cassettes exhibited large pseudo-Stokes shifts and high through-bond energy transfer efficiencies upon excitation with ultraviolet light. Practical potential was demonstrated with two examples of ratiometric fluorescence sensing using a single ultraviolet excitation wavelength. One example mixed a Cy5-cassette with a pyrene-based fluorescent indicator that responded to changes in Cu2+ concentration, and the other example mixed a Cy5-cassette with the fluorescent pH sensing dye, .

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William E. Meador ; Timothy A. Lewis ; Abdul K. Shaik , et al. DOI:

Abstract: Fluorescence-based biological imaging in the shortwave infrared (SWIR, 1000–1700 nm) is an attractive replacement for modern in vivo imaging techniques currently employed in both medical and research settings. Xanthene-based fluorophores containing heterocycle donors have recently emerged as a way to access deep SWIR emitting fluorophores. A concern for xanthene-based SWIR fluorophores though is chemical stability toward ambient nucleophiles due to the high electrophilicity of the cationic fluorophore core. Herein, a series of SWIR emitting silicon-rosindolizine (SiRos) fluorophores with emission maxima >1300 nm (up to 1550 nm) are synthesized. The SiRos fluorophore photophysical properties and chemical stability toward nucleophiles are examined through systematic derivatization of the silicon-core alkyl groups, indolizine donor substitution, and the use of o-tolyl or o-xylyl groups appended to the fluorophore core. The dyes are studied via absorption spectroscopy, steady-state emission spectroscopy, solution-based cyclic voltammetry, time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) computational analysis, X-ray diffraction crystallography, and relative chemical stability over time. Optimal chemical stability is observed via the incorporation of the 2-ethylhexyl silicon substituent and the o-xylyl group to protect the core of the fluorophore.

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Qing Yun Li ; Leigh Anna Hunt ; Kalpani Hirunika Wijesinghe , et al. DOI:

Abstract: Strong photoinduced oxidants are important to organic synthesis and solar energy conversion, to chemical fuels or electric. For these applications, visible light absorption is important to solar energy conversion and long-lived excited states are needed to drive catalysis. With respect to these desirable qualities, a series of five 5,6-dicyano[2,1,3]benzothiadiazole (DCBT) dyes are examined as organic chromophores that can serve as strong photooxidants in catalytic systems. The series utilizes a DCBT core with aryl groups on the periphery with varying electron donation strengths relative to the core. The dyes are studied via both steady-state and transient absorption and emission studies. Additionally, computational analysis, voltammetry, crystallography, and absorption spectroelectrochemistry are also used to better understand the behavior of these dyes. Ultimately, a strong photooxidant is arrived at with an exceptionally long excited state lifetime for an organic chromophore of 16 μs. The long-lived excited state photosensitizer is well-suited for use in catalysis, and visible light driven photosensitized water oxidation is demonstrated using a water-soluble photosensitizer.

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Campbell, Allea ; Alsudairy, Ziad ; Dun, Chaochao , et al. DOI:

Abstract: Covalent organic framework (COF)-supported palladium catalysts have garnered enormous attention for cross-coupling reactions. However, the limited linkage types in COF hosts and their suboptimal catalytic performance have hindered their widespread implementation. Herein, we present the first study immobilizing palladium acetate onto a dioxin-linked COF (Pd/COF-318) through a facile solution impregnation approach. By virtue of its permanent porosity, accessible Pd sites arranged in periodic skeletons, and framework robustness, the resultant Pd/COF-318 exhibits exceptionally high activity and broad substrate scope for the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction between aryl bromides and arylboronic acids at room temperature within an hour, rendering it among the most effective Pd/COF catalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions to date. Moreover, Pd/COF-318 demonstrates excellent recyclability, retaining high activity over five cycles without significant deactivation. The leaching test confirms the heterogeneity of the catalyst. This work uncovers the vast potential of dioxin-linked COFs as catalyst supports for highly active, selective, and durable organometallic catalysis.

Keywords: covalent organic framework (COF) ; dioxin-linked COF ; Pd(II) immobilization ; Suzuki-Miyaura coupling

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Product Details of [ 3375-31-3 ]

CAS No. :3375-31-3 MDL No. :MFCD00012453
Formula : C4H6O4Pd Boiling Point : -
Linear Structure Formula :- InChI Key :YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L
M.W : 224.51 Pubchem ID :167845
Synonyms :
Chemical Name :Palladium(II) acetate

Calculated chemistry of [ 3375-31-3 ]      Expand+

Physicochemical Properties

Num. heavy atoms : 9
Num. arom. heavy atoms : 0
Fraction Csp3 : 0.5
Num. rotatable bonds : 0
Num. H-bond acceptors : 4.0
Num. H-bond donors : 0.0
Molar Refractivity : 23.11
TPSA : 80.26 ?2

Pharmacokinetics

GI absorption : Low
BBB permeant : No
P-gp substrate : No
CYP1A2 inhibitor : No
CYP2C19 inhibitor : No
CYP2C9 inhibitor : No
CYP2D6 inhibitor : No
CYP3A4 inhibitor : No
Log Kp (skin permeation) : -7.97 cm/s

Lipophilicity

Log Po/w (iLOGP) : 0.0
Log Po/w (XLOGP3) : -0.42
Log Po/w (WLOGP) : -2.49
Log Po/w (MLOGP) : -0.54
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT) : -0.48
Consensus Log Po/w : -0.79

Druglikeness

Lipinski : 0.0
Ghose : None
Veber : 0.0
Egan : 0.0
Muegge : 1.0
Bioavailability Score : 0.55

Water Solubility

Log S (ESOL) : -0.97
Solubility : 24.2 mg/ml ; 0.108 mol/l
Class : Very soluble
Log S (Ali) : -0.8
Solubility : 35.5 mg/ml ; 0.158 mol/l
Class : Very soluble
Log S (SILICOS-IT) : 0.53
Solubility : 768.0 mg/ml ; 3.42 mol/l
Class : Soluble

Medicinal Chemistry

PAINS : 0.0 alert
Brenk : 0.0 alert
Leadlikeness : 1.0
Synthetic accessibility : 1.0

Safety of [ 3375-31-3 ]

Signal Word:Danger Class:9
Precautionary Statements:P261-P264-P270-P271-P280-P302+P352-P304+P340-P305+P351+P338-P310-P330-P362+P364-P403+P233-P501 UN#:3077
Hazard Statements:H302-H315-H318-H335-H410 Packing Group:
GHS Pictogram:

Application In Synthesis of [ 3375-31-3 ]

* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

  • Downstream synthetic route of [ 3375-31-3 ]

[ 3375-31-3 ] Synthesis Path-Downstream   1~4

  • 1
  • [ 1001-26-9 ]
  • [ 19472-74-3 ]
  • [ 3375-31-3 ]
  • [ 2622-14-2 ]
  • 3-(ethoxy-hydroxy-methylene)-3H-indene-1-carbonitrile, sodium salt [ No CAS ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
With sodium chloride; sodium t-butanolate; In 1,2-dimethoxyethane; Example 5 3-(ETHOXY-HYDROXY-METHYLENE)-3H-INDENE-1-CARBONITRILE, SODIUM SALT A solution of tricyclohexylphosphine (21.5 mg, 0.0770 mmol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (10 mL) under nitrogen was charged with palladium (II) acetate (11.5 mg, 0.0510 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature until the solution was homogenous (approx. 15 minutes), cooled to 0° C. and charged with sodium tert-butoxide (2.53 g, 25.5 mmol). After 5 minutes a solution of 2-bromo-phenylacetonitrile (1.32 mL, 10.2 mmol) and ethyl-3-ethoxyacrylate (1.47 mL, 10.2 mmol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (10 ml) was added dropwise over 10 minutes. Upon complete addition, the reaction was warmed to room temperature then heated to 85° C. for 1 hour. The reaction was cooled to room temperature then diluted with ethyl acetate (50 mL) and poured into aqueous potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.25 M, 50 mL), pH=7. The aqueous layer was saturated by addition of sodium chloride as solid and the organic layer separated and washed with aqueous saturated sodium chloride (1*50 mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo affording 3-(ethoxy-hydroxy-methylene)-3H-indene-1-carbonitrile, sodium salt, as a dark brown oil (1.74 g, 84percent) which solidifies on standing. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3CN) delta8.04 (d, 1H, J=6.0), 7.58 (s, 1H), 7.43 (d, 1H, J=6.0), 6.98-6.91 (m, 2H), 4.25 (q, 2H, J=7.2), 1.35 (t, 3H, J=7.2); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CD3CN) delta166.7, 135.5, 132.3, 131.3, 122.8, 120.5, 119.0, 118.4, 117.7, 103.3, 79.2, 58.2, 14.6; IR (ATR, neat) 2176, 1597, 1465, 1257, 1195,1068, 1029, 754 cm-1.
  • 2
  • [ 1001-26-9 ]
  • [ 51655-39-1 ]
  • [ 3375-31-3 ]
  • [ 2622-14-2 ]
  • [ 474024-32-3 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
With sodium chloride; sodium t-butanolate; In 1,2-dimethoxyethane; Example 7 3-(ETHOXY-HYDROXY-METHYLENE)-5,6-DIMETHOXY-3H-INDENE-1-CARBONITRILE, SODIUM SALT A solution of tricyclohexylphosphine (82.0 mg, 0.293 mmol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (10 mL) under nitrogen was charged with palladium (II) acetate (43.7 mg, 0.195 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature until the solution was homogeneous (approx. 15 minutes) and stirred an additional 5 minutes before cooling to 0° C. and charging with sodium tert-butoxide (996 mg, 9.75 mmol). After 5 minutes a solution of 2-bromo-4,5-dimethoxyphenylacetonitrile (1.00 g, 3.90 mmol) and ethyl-3-ethoxyacrylate (0.564 ml, 3.90 mmol) in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (5 ml) was added dropwise over 10 minutes. Upon complete addition the reaction mixture was warmed to room temperature and then heated to 85° C. for 16 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature then diluted with methyl tert-butyl ether (50 mL) and poured into aqueous potassium dihydrogenphosphate (0.25 M, 100 mL). The aqueous layer was separated and solid sodium chloride was added to the aqueous layer until saturated. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (1*125 mL) and this organic layer was washed with aqueous saturated sodium chloride 12*35 ml), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo affording 3-(ethoxy-hydroxy-methylene)-5,6-dimethoxy-3H-indene-1-carbonitrile, sodium salt, as a dark brown oil (906 mg, 3.3 mmol, 85 percent) which crystallized on standing. 1H NMR (400 MHz, d4-MeOH) delta7.64 (s, 1H), 7.46 (s, 1H), 6.99 (s, 1H), 4.56 (q, 2H, J=7.1), 3.86 (s, 6H), 1.38 (t, 3H, J=7.05); 13C NMR (100 MHz,d4-MeOH) delta167.8, 145.0, 144.5, 130.2, 129.4, 126.4, 123.3, 112.5, 104.0, 102.6, 100.7, 79.0, 58.4, 55.6, 14.1; IR (ATR, neat) 3499, 2164, 1629, 1482, 1449, 1282, 1207, 1157, 1124, 1076, 845, 769 cm-1.
  • 3
  • potassium phosphate [ No CAS ]
  • [ 3375-31-3 ]
  • [ 224311-51-7 ]
  • [ 328918-90-7 ]
  • [ 108-95-2 ]
  • [ 403612-06-6 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
With nitrogen; In toluene; EXAMPLE 16 2-Methyl-2-(4-{2-[5-methyl-2-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-oxazol-4-yl]-ethoxy}-phenoxy)-propionic Acid A mixture of 2-(4-{2-[2-(4-bromo-phenyl)-5-methyl-oxazol-4-yl]-ethoxy}-phenoxy)-2-methyl-propionic Acid Ethyl Ester (0.30 g, 0.614 mmol), potassium phosphate (0.26 g, 1.22 mmol), 2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl (0.014 g, 0.0469 mmol) and phenol (0.069 g, 0.733 mmol) in toluene (6 mL) was degassed three times by successive application of vacuum to the reaction vessel followed by nitrogen purge. Palladium (II) acetate (0.007 g, 0.0312 mmol) was added to the reaction and the mixture heated to reflux under nitrogen for 3 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, diluted with Et2O, and extracted with water then 1 N NaOH (10 mL). The organic layer was dried (MgSO4) and the solvent removed in vacuo to give 0.316 g of crude 2-methyl-2-(4-{2-[5-methyl-2-(4-phenoxy-phenyl)-oxazol-4-yl]-ethoxy}-phenoxy)-propionic acid ethyl ester MS (ES+) Calc'd for C30H31NO6: Found m/e 502.3 (M+1, 100percent).
  • 4
  • [ 2622-63-1 ]
  • [ 3375-31-3 ]
  • [ 64-19-7 ]
  • [ 180182-47-2 ]
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