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Armen G. Beck ; Jonathan Fine ; Pankaj Aggarwal , et al. J. Chromatogr. A,2024,1730,465109. DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465109
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Abstract: The predictive modeling of liquid chromatography methods can be an invaluable asset, potentially saving countless hours of labor while also reducing solvent consumption and waste. Tasks such as physicochemical screening and preliminary method screening systems where large amounts of chromatography data are collected from fast and routine operations are particularly well suited for both leveraging large datasets and benefiting from predictive models. Therefore, the generation of predictive models for retention time is an active area of development. However, for these predictive models to gain acceptance, researchers first must have confidence in model performance and the computational cost of building them should be minimal. In this study, a simple and cost-effective workflow for the development of machine learning models to predict retention time using only Molecular Operating Environment 2D descriptors as input for support vector regression is developed. Furthermore, we investigated the relative performance of models based on different molecular descriptor space by utilizing uniform manifold approximation and projection and clustering with Gaussian mixture models employed to identify chemically distinct clusters. Results outlined herein demonstrate that local models trained on clusters in chemical space perform equivalently when compared to models trained on all data. Through 10-fold cross-validation on a comprehensive set of 67,950 Merck proprietary analytes, these models achieved coefficients of determination of 0.84 and 3% error in terms of retention time. This promising statistical significance is found to translate from cross-validation to prospective prediction on an external test set of pharmaceutically relevant analytes. The observed equivalency of global and local modeling of large datasets is retained with METLIN’s SMRT dataset, thereby confirming the wider applicability of the developed machine learning workflows for global models.
Keywords: Liquid Chromatography ; Retention Time Prediction ; Support Vector Regression ; Gaussian Mixture Models ; Uniform Manifold Approximation & Projection
Purchased from AmBeed: 22071-15-4 ; 16225-26-6
CAS No. : | 22071-15-4 | MDL No. : | MFCD00055790 |
Formula : | C16H14O3 | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | HO2CCH(CH3)C6H4C(O)C6H5 | InChI Key : | DKYWVDODHFEZIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 254.28 | Pubchem ID : | 3825 |
Synonyms : |
RP-19583;2-(3-benzoylphenyl)Propionic Acid;(R,S)-Ketoprofen;(±)-Ketoprofen
|
Chemical Name : | 2-(3-Benzoylphenyl)propanoic acid |
Signal Word: | Danger | Class: | 6.1 |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P301+P310-P305+P351+P338 | UN#: | 2811 |
Hazard Statements: | H301-H315-H319-H335 | Packing Group: | Ⅲ |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
87% | Ketoprofen (1.11 mmol) (manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo) was dissolved in dichloromethane (3 ml), andtriethylamine (1.11 mmol) and dichloromethane solution (2 ml) of dimethylphosphinothioyl chloride (Mpt-Cl) (1.11 mmol)were added thereto in this order, followed by stirring for 25 minutes. Triethylamine (0.36 mmol) was further added thereto,followed by stirring for 20 minutes. The reaction solution was ice-cooled, and triethylamine (1.11 mmol), DMAP (0.19mmol) and the Boc-serinol obtained in Reference Example 2 (0.50 mmol) were added thereto in this order, followed bystirring overnight by returning to room temperature. The reaction solution was again ice-cooled, and 25% aqueousammonia (2 ml) and dioxane (10 ml) were added thereto in this order, followed by stirring for 20 minutes. The reactionsolution was concentrated to 5 ml, and ethyl acetate was added thereto. Separation by washing with water, 5% aqueouscitric acid solution, 5% aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and saturated brine consecutively was carried out,and after dehydration drying with sodium sulfate the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The precipitatewas purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane:ethyl acetate = 2:1, 0.5% triethylamine) to give the titledcompound (287.3 mg, yield 87%). The structure was identified by 1H-NMR (CDCl3). 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) delta (ppm)= 1.38-1.40 (9H, m, Boc), 1.51-1.53 (6H, m, - OCOCH(CH3)-), 3.76-3.81 (2H, m, -OCOCH(CH3)-), 3.96-4.11 (4H, m, -CH2CH(NHBoc)CH2-), 4.61 (1H, btd, -CH2CH(NHBoc)CH2-), 7.40-7.80 (18H, m, Aromatic) |