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Yoon, Bora ; Tai, Kiera Y. ; Thomas, Gawain M. , et al. ACS Omega,2024,9(7):8239-8246. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08902 PubMed ID: 38405497
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Abstract: Chemical tracers are indispensable tools for enhancing reservoir characterization and optimizing production processes in the oil and gas industry. Particularly, interwell water tracers provide key data for efficient water flood management and the improvement of production rates. However, the analysis of these water tracers within reservoir fluids is challenging, requiring laborious separation and extraction steps that often rely on complex instruments and skilled operators. Real-time analysis is especially problematic in remote areas with limited access to well-equipped laboratories. To address these challenges, we introduce a paper-based platform for the time-resolved fluorescence detection of dipicolinic acid (DPA) tracers complexed with terbium ion (Tb3+). Our innovation is driven by the need to simplify tracer analysis, make it portable, and enhance accessibility for oilfield applications. By leveraging the unique properties of cyclen-based macrocyclic ligands, we have achieved the stable and sensitive immobilization of Tb3+ on quartz microfilter paper, eliminating the need for extensive laboratory-based procedures. We achieve the stable and sensitive immobilization of Tb3+ on quartz microfilter paper by leveraging the unique properties of cyclen-based macrocyclic ligands. This innovation enables the formation of highly fluorescent, oil-blind, and optically detectable DPA-Tb3+ complexes at the paper surface. We visualize and capture these fluorescence signals using an intensified charge-coupled device camera via time gating, effectively suppressing undesirable fluorescence originating from crude oil. The quantification of DPA concentrations is achievable down to 158 ppb (9.45 × 10-7 M), as confirmed through time-resolved fluorescence microplate reader measurements. We also demonstrate the practicality of our technology by detecting DPA tracers in the presence of crude oil contamination, a common challenge encountered in oil production wells.
Purchased from AmBeed: 122555-91-3
CAS No. : | 122555-91-3 | MDL No. : | MFCD05865261 |
Formula : | C26H50N4O6 | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | ((CH3)3CO2CCH2)3N3C8H16NH | InChI Key : | NMHVTLJFPDOJOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 514.70 | Pubchem ID : | 11237632 |
Synonyms : |
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Chemical Name : | Tri-tert-butyl 2,2',2''-(1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triyl)triacetate |
Signal Word: | Warning | Class: | N/A |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 | UN#: | N/A |
Hazard Statements: | H315-H319-H335 | Packing Group: | N/A |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
> 99% | With potassium carbonate; In isopropyl alcohol; at 60℃; for 12h; | Add 26g to the 1L reaction bottle1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triacetic acid tert-butyl ester,Potassium carbonate 2g,Isopropyl alcohol 300mL,<strong>[57280-22-5]4,4-dimethyl-3,5,8-trioxabicyclo[5,1,0]octane</strong> 10 g,Reaction at 60 C for 12 h,Recovering isopropyl alcohol,Add 300 mL of toluene,Washing the reaction solution,Dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate,Isopropyl alcohol is recovered under reduced pressure,Made a pale yellow oil 33g,The yield is greater than 99% and the purity is greater than 99.8%. |