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Chemical Structure| 122111-03-9 Chemical Structure| 122111-03-9
Chemical Structure| 122111-03-9

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CAS No.: 122111-03-9

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Gemcitabine Hydrochloride (LY 188011 Hydrochloride) is a pyrimidine nucleoside analog antimetabolite and antineoplastic agent that inhibits DNA synthesis and repair, leading to autophagy and apoptosis.

Synonyms: LY 188011 hydrochloride; Gemcitabine(hydrochloride); Gemcitabine HCl

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Nasurullah Mahar ; Amir Al-Ahmed ; Abdulaziz A. Al-Saadi ;

Abstract: The development of rapid and efficient spectroanalytical protocols to detect bioactive drugs in aqueous samples is linked with the evolution of new generations of nanostructured materials. The 2D vanadium carbide (V2CTx) family of MXenes has been proved to be a promising material owing to its excellent plasmonic effects, short-range charge transfer (CT), and covers a wide variety of applications, especially in the fields of sensing and optics. For several years, research is focused on the stability and inter-layers spacing of a few-layered V2CTx in colloidal states. In this work, the synthesis and characterization of vanadium carbide sheets using a soft condition approach were reported. The delamination with the triethylamine (TEA) intercalant resulted in deceased interlayer spacing of 8.13?? and enhanced the shelf life by up to six weeks. The synthesized highly stable MXene was treated with self-assembled silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to fabricate a hybrid material as a potential surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for the detection of ultra-trace quantities of anti-cancer drug gemcitabine (GMC). The developed approach showed an unprecedented limit of detection of 10[-12] M with a wide dynamic range of 10[-4]-10-[12] M. The MXene-based SERS sensor has achieved a Raman signal amplification corresponding to an enhancement factor of 109, with high sensitivity and reproducibility.

Keywords: Vanadium carbide ; SERS ; Gemcitabine ; Hybrid materials ; Intercalation

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Nasurullah Mahar ; Abdulaziz A. Al-Saadi ;

Abstract: Quantitative detection of trace concentrations of anticancer drug gemcitabine (GMC) was successfully established using the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) analytical approach. Chemically reduced size-controlled silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were used as an active SERS substrate which exhibited a significant electrostatic interaction with the target molecules. The developed analytical approach depicted a viable and sensitive means leading to a low limit of detection of 1.5?×?10–10 M and a limit of quantification 3.5?×?10–10 M in aqueous media with an excellent recovery (98%). A consistent linear response featuring a wide dynamic range (10–4–10–9 M) with a coefficient of regression (R2) of 0.9987 could be also achieved. The enhancement in the Raman signal intensities associated with wavenumber shifts was carefully analyzed, and the corresponding vibrational modes were assigned. Density functional theory assessments of the possible drug-substrate interaction scenarios were carried out, and four potential modes of interaction through the primary amine group, the hydroxyl groups, and the pyrimidine nitrogen were proposed.

Keywords: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ; Gemcitabine ; Ultralow detection ; Density functional theory ; Silver nanoparticles

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Alternative Products

Product Details of Gemcitabine HCI

CAS No. :122111-03-9
Formula : C9H12ClF2N3O4
M.W : 299.66
SMILES Code : O=C1N([C@H]2C(F)(F)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)C=CC(N)=N1.Cl
Synonyms :
LY 188011 hydrochloride; Gemcitabine(hydrochloride); Gemcitabine HCl
MDL No. :MFCD01735988
InChI Key :OKKDEIYWILRZIA-OSZBKLCCSA-N
Pubchem ID :60749

Safety of Gemcitabine HCI

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:Warning
Hazard Statements:H302-H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements:P261-P305+P351+P338

Application In Synthesis of Gemcitabine HCI

* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

  • Downstream synthetic route of [ 122111-03-9 ]

[ 122111-03-9 ] Synthesis Path-Downstream   1~2

  • 1
  • [ 122111-03-9 ]
  • [ 114248-23-6 ]
  • [ 95058-85-8 ]
  • 1-(2-deoxy-2,2-difluoro-α-D-erythropentofuranosyl)uracil [ No CAS ]
  • 2
  • [ 122111-03-9 ]
  • [ 114248-23-6 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
95% With acetic acid; sodium nitrite; In water; at 20℃; for 48h; formula 11(5 g, 16.7 mmol, 1.0 eq.) Was dissolved in a 2N aqueous acetic acid solution (350 ml) Sodium nitrite (16.7 g, 14.5 eq.) Was added slowly and left at room temperature for 48 hours. 2N The mixture was adjusted to pH 6-7 with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and then concentrated under reduced pressure. Decompression concentration After the addition of methanol / ethyl acetate (1: 5, 360 ml), the insoluble salts were removed. This process The salt was removed repeatedly several times to concentrate under reduced pressure to obtain 4.22 g of a light brown transparent oil of formula (7) in 95% yield.
 

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