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Chemical Structure| 10025-65-7 Chemical Structure| 10025-65-7
Chemical Structure| 10025-65-7

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CAS No.: 10025-65-7

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Product Citations

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Brzeski, Jakub ; Nowicka, Paulina ; Samsonov, Sergey A. ;

Abstract: There is a constant necessity of finding new, reliable antimicrobials, due to the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria. This paper tries to address this issue, as the possibility of formation of Pd(II) and Pt(II) coordination compounds of avibactam and their properties were investigated. Moreover, the effect of complexation on interactions with OXA-48 β-lactamase was thoroughly examined with computational approaches. It was found that the formation of Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes of avibactam is thermodynamically favorable. Furthermore, it was observed that the binding energies of Pd(Avi)2 to OXA-48 approach that of Avibactam, whereas that of Pt(Avi)2 are somewhat less favorable. As such, they may be considered as new potential non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitors.

Keywords: Avibactam ; Palladium complex ; Platinum complex ; Molecular dynamics

Purchased from AmBeed: ;

Matthew Mark Behymer ;

Abstract: Exposure to cyanide occurs more commonly in everyday life than many would believe, although most exposure is rather innocuous. However, the main concern is the misuse of cyanide in mass casualty events. Misuse of cyanide as a poison has been documented since before World War II.1 The potential for malicious use still pervades in our society. Current scavenging treatments center on cobalt ions to bind cyanide in the blood. 2,3 Unfortunately, these treatments require high doses of cobalt that can be associated with some significant toxic side effects when used in higher doses, possibly resulting in a dose limiting toxicity.4–6 When administered shortly after cyanide exposure, cobalt-based scavengers only improves survival by 50-70%, thus adding concern over the therapeutic options.6–10 In addition, the delivery of the FDA approved scavenger, hydroxocobalamin requires intravenous infusion over several minutes, adding delays to treatment time. Slow delivery has been demonstrated to reduce the chance of survival in patients suffering from cyanide exposure.5 Therefore, there is an ever-pressing need for the rapid delivery of an effective scavenger to mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated with high levels of exposure. Chapter 1 is a literature review for topics related to cyanide poisoning, current scavengers, and emerging solutions in development for treating cyanide in. Previous work with platinum demonstrated the capacity to mitigate cyanide-associated toxicity in both zebrafish and mice when exposed to lethal levels.11 The resulting Pt-sulfide complexes might have been acting as a cis or trans-directing ligand that was later hypothesized to have contributed to the efficacious response. Mechanistically, Pt-S interactions may activate platinum, improving the rate of cyanide substitution onto the platinum center.12–15 A possible advantage of platinum complexes over cobalt lies in the fact that little evidence supports strong interactions between sulfur and cobalt, which would limit the usefulness of the trans effect in these complexes. Interactions of cobalt with amino acids would occur primarily through carboxylate and amines, which have stronger bonds and would limit cyanide reactivity.16,17 Chapter 2 focuses on identifying suitable Pt-sulfide complexes using a combination of in vitro and in vivo testing. The overall project aims to identify suitable formulation conditions which maintain efficacy by intramuscular injection. Associative properties of ligands (e.g. amine and hydroxide) on platinum might be influenced by hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in solution.18,19 Regarding the trans effect, a conversion to related isomers may change the reactivity between platinum and cyanide. Chapter 3 begins identifying the relationship between formulation pH, cyanide scavenging, and efficacy. One of the leading adverse reactions with platinum drugs is acute kidney injury (AKI), which leads to renal disfunction.20 Sulfides have been found to modulate renal injury in vivo, suggesting sulfide complexed to platinum might reduce nephrotoxicity from platinum.21 One such example, thioethers (e.g. methionine) co-administered with cisplatin almost completely removed symptoms of renal injury in rats.22,23 Chapter 3 also describes our investigation of the risk of AKI and lingering renal injury for the most efficacious platinum complexes identified in chapter 2. Furthermore, we highlight a potential strategy to mitigate AKI with the complexes. In summary, platinum complexes based on naturally occurring metabolites of platinum have demonstrated promise as a new class of cyanide countermeasures. Centered on the chemistry of methionine and analogs of methionine, we investigate the scavenging activity, formulation stability, and toxicity in this work. We hypothesize thioethers enhance cyanide scavenging rates showing improved increased efficacy, while also offering nephrotoxic protection that can be attenuated.

Keywords: countermeasure ; cyanide ; intramuscular ; platinum complexes ; in vitro prioritization ; in vivo rescue ;

Purchased from AmBeed: ;

Alternative Products

Product Details of [ 10025-65-7 ]

CAS No. :10025-65-7
Formula : Cl2Pt
M.W : 265.98
SMILES Code : [Pt+2].[Cl-].[Cl-]
MDL No. :MFCD00011181
InChI Key :CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L
Pubchem ID :2770

Safety of [ 10025-65-7 ]

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:Danger
Hazard Statements:H303-H314-H317-H334
Precautionary Statements:P260-P264-P272-P280-P284-P301+P330+P331-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340+P310-P305+P351+P338+P310-P333+P313-P342+P311-P362+P364-P405-P501
Class:8
UN#:3260
Packing Group:Ⅱ

Calculated chemistry of [ 10025-65-7 ] Show Less

Physicochemical Properties

Num. heavy atoms 3
Num. arom. heavy atoms 0
Fraction Csp3 None
Num. rotatable bonds 0
Num. H-bond acceptors None
Num. H-bond donors None
Molar Refractivity 11.71
TPSA ?

Topological Polar Surface Area: Calculated from
Ertl P. et al. 2000 J. Med. Chem.

0.0 ?2

Lipophilicity

Log Po/w (iLOGP)?

iLOGP: in-house physics-based method implemented from
Daina A et al. 2014 J. Chem. Inf. Model.

None
Log Po/w (XLOGP3)?

XLOGP3: Atomistic and knowledge-based method calculated by
XLOGP program, version 3.2.2, courtesy of CCBG, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry

None
Log Po/w (WLOGP)?

WLOGP: Atomistic method implemented from
Wildman SA and Crippen GM. 1999 J. Chem. Inf. Model.

None
Log Po/w (MLOGP)?

MLOGP: Topological method implemented from
Moriguchi I. et al. 1992 Chem. Pharm. Bull.
Moriguchi I. et al. 1994 Chem. Pharm. Bull.
Lipinski PA. et al. 2001 Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev.

None
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT)?

SILICOS-IT: Hybrid fragmental/topological method calculated by
FILTER-IT program, version 1.0.2, courtesy of SILICOS-IT, http://www.silicos-it.com

None
Consensus Log Po/w?

Consensus Log Po/w: Average of all five predictions

None

Water Solubility

Log S (ESOL):?

ESOL: Topological method implemented from
Delaney JS. 2004 J. Chem. Inf. Model.

None
Solubility None mg/ml ; None mol/l
Class?

Solubility class: Log S scale
Insoluble < -10 < Poorly < -6 < Moderately < -4 < Soluble < -2 Very < 0 < Highly

None
Log S (Ali)?

Ali: Topological method implemented from
Ali J. et al. 2012 J. Chem. Inf. Model.

None
Solubility None mg/ml ; None mol/l
Class?

Solubility class: Log S scale
Insoluble < -10 < Poorly < -6 < Moderately < -4 < Soluble < -2 Very < 0 < Highly

None
Log S (SILICOS-IT)?

SILICOS-IT: Fragmental method calculated by
FILTER-IT program, version 1.0.2, courtesy of SILICOS-IT, http://www.silicos-it.com

None
Solubility None mg/ml ; None mol/l
Class?

Solubility class: Log S scale
Insoluble < -10 < Poorly < -6 < Moderately < -4 < Soluble < -2 Very < 0 < Highly

None

Pharmacokinetics

GI absorption?

Gatrointestinal absorption: according to the white of the BOILED-Egg

 None
BBB permeant?

BBB permeation: according to the yolk of the BOILED-Egg

 None
P-gp substrate?

P-glycoprotein substrate: SVM model built on 1033 molecules (training set)
and tested on 415 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.72 / AUC=0.77
External: ACC=0.88 / AUC=0.94

 None
CYP1A2 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9145 molecules (training set)
and tested on 3000 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.83 / AUC=0.90
External: ACC=0.84 / AUC=0.91

 None
CYP2C19 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9272 molecules (training set)
and tested on 3000 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.80 / AUC=0.86
External: ACC=0.80 / AUC=0.87

 None
CYP2C9 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 2C9 inhibitor: SVM model built on 5940 molecules (training set)
and tested on 2075 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.78 / AUC=0.85
External: ACC=0.71 / AUC=0.81

 None
CYP2D6 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitor: SVM model built on 3664 molecules (training set)
and tested on 1068 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.79 / AUC=0.85
External: ACC=0.81 / AUC=0.87

 None
CYP3A4 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor: SVM model built on 7518 molecules (training set)
and tested on 2579 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.77 / AUC=0.85
External: ACC=0.78 / AUC=0.86

 None
Log Kp (skin permeation)?

Skin permeation: QSPR model implemented from
Potts RO and Guy RH. 1992 Pharm. Res.

None cm/s

Druglikeness

Lipinski?

Lipinski (Pfizer) filter: implemented from
Lipinski CA. et al. 2001 Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev.
MW ≤ 500
MLOGP ≤ 4.15
N or O ≤ 10
NH or OH ≤ 5

 None
Ghose?

Ghose filter: implemented from
Ghose AK. et al. 1999 J. Comb. Chem.
160 ≤ MW ≤ 480
-0.4 ≤ WLOGP ≤ 5.6
40 ≤ MR ≤ 130
20 ≤ atoms ≤ 70

 None
Veber?

Veber (GSK) filter: implemented from
Veber DF. et al. 2002 J. Med. Chem.
Rotatable bonds ≤ 10
TPSA ≤ 140

 None
Egan?

Egan (Pharmacia) filter: implemented from
Egan WJ. et al. 2000 J. Med. Chem.
WLOGP ≤ 5.88
TPSA ≤ 131.6

 None
Muegge?

Muegge (Bayer) filter: implemented from
Muegge I. et al. 2001 J. Med. Chem.
200 ≤ MW ≤ 600
-2 ≤ XLOGP ≤ 5
TPSA ≤ 150
Num. rings ≤ 7
Num. carbon > 4
Num. heteroatoms > 1
Num. rotatable bonds ≤ 15
H-bond acc. ≤ 10
H-bond don. ≤ 5

 None
Bioavailability Score?

Abbott Bioavailability Score: Probability of F > 10% in rat
implemented from
Martin YC. 2005 J. Med. Chem.

None

Medicinal Chemistry

PAINS?

Pan Assay Interference Structures: implemented from
Baell JB. & Holloway GA. 2010 J. Med. Chem.

None alert
Brenk?

Structural Alert: implemented from
Brenk R. et al. 2008 ChemMedChem

None alert: heavy_metal
Leadlikeness?

Leadlikeness: implemented from
Teague SJ. 1999 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
250 ≤ MW ≤ 350
XLOGP ≤ 3.5
Num. rotatable bonds ≤ 7

 No; 1 violation:MW
Synthetic accessibility?

Synthetic accessibility score: from 1 (very easy) to 10 (very difficult)
based on 1024 fragmental contributions (FP2) modulated by size and complexity penaties,
trained on 12'782'590 molecules and tested on 40 external molecules (r2 = 0.94)

 None
 

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