REVIEW Vargatef (also known as Nintedanib, BIBF 1120) is a indolinone-derived small molecule of angiokinase inhibitor class inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) being developed by Boehringer Ingelheim for use as an anti-vascular anti-cancer agent. Nintedanib inhibits PDGFR kinase activity of PDGFR alpha and PDGFR beta types with IC50 values of 59 nM and 65 nM, respectively. In addition, BIBF1120 suppresses the FGFR subtypes with IC50 of 60 nM, 37 nM and 108 nM for FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3, respectively. BIBF1120 binds to the ATP-binding site in the cleft between the amino and carboxy terminal lobes of the kinase domain. Vargatef inhibits the process of blood vessel formation (angiogenesis) in tumours. Angiogenesis inhibitors stop the formation and reshaping of blood vessels in and around tumours, which reduces the tumour's blood supply, starving tumour cells of oxygen and nutrients leading to cell death and tumour shrinkage. In all tumor models tested thus far, including human tumor xenografts growing in nude mice and a syngeneic rat tumor model, BIBF1120 is highly active at well-tolerated doses (25-100 mg/kg daily p.o.). This is evident in the magnetic resonance imaging of tumor perfusion after 3 days, reducing vessel density and vessel integrity after 5 days, and profound growth. The compound is currently in Phase 3 clinical trials.
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