Idoxuridine is an anti-herpesvirus antiviral drug.
It is a nucleoside analogue, a modified form of deoxyuridine, similar enough to be incorporated into viral DNA replication, but the iodine atom added to the uracil component blocks base pairing. It is used only topically due to cardiotoxicity. It was synthesized by William Prusoff in the late 1950s. Initially developed as an anticancer drug, idoxuridine became the first antiviral agent in 1962.

Appearance and properties: white powder

Density: 2.14g/cm3

Melting point: 194 °C(lit.)

Refractive index: 30 ° (C=1, 1mol/L NaOH)

Water solubility: 1.6g /L (20 oC)

Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.

Storage condition: 2-8oC

Production method

There are various production methods. Starting with propargyl alcohol, oxidized; Esterification, then cyclization with 2-aminoxazoline riboside to obtain 2, 2-oxopyrimidine riboside, and then acylation; Bromination; Catalytic hydrogenation;Iodoside was obtained by hydrolysis. 5' -deoxycytosine nucleotides can be prepared from fish extract, and iodoside can also be prepared by further processing.

Use

For biochemical research. Tracheitis virus assay. Treatment of simple vesicular keratitis.

Preparation

You can start with propiolic alcohol by oxidation and esterification, then it reacts with 2-amino-oxazoline nucleoside. By a series of acylation, bromination, catalytic hydrogenation and hydrolysis, you can get the product. 

You should be cautious while dealing with this chemical. It may cause cancer and heritable genetic damage. Therefore, you had better take the following instructions: Do not breathe dust; Avoid exposure - obtain special instruction before use; In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible); Wear suitable protective clothing.