Carbamazepine is white or white-like crystalline powder, which belongs to benzodiazepine antiepileptic drug and has antiepileptic effect similar to phenytoin sodium. It is most effective for psychomotor seizures, and also effective for large seizures, localized seizures and mixed seizures. Carbamazepine has better anti-peripheral neuralgia effect than phenytoin sodium, and can be used for trigeminal neuralgia and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. It can also be used for treating arrhythmia and diabetes insipidus.
Application of Carbamazepine:
Membrane stabilization can reduce the permeability of nerve cell membrane to Na+ and Ca2+, thus reducing the excitability of cells and prolonging the refractory period; It may also enhance the synaptic transmission function of GABA. The anticonvulsant mechanism is similar to phenytoin, which inhibits the late ankylosis of synaptic site and limits the spread of abnormal discharges in epileptogenic focus. It can also inhibit the electrical activity in the anterior ventral nucleus of thalamus. The mechanism of analgesia is unknown, which may reduce synaptic transmission in central nervous system.