ITX5061 is a type II inhibitor of p38 MAPK and also an antagonist of scavenger receptor B1 (SR-B1). Treatment of ITX5061 (30 mg/kg/day) for mice results in a 50% increase in HDL-C levels compare to baseline. ApoA-I levels are moderately (+15 %) but significantly increased in ITX5061-treated HuAITg mice, compare to mice receive vehicle. ITX5061 significantly decreases HDL-CE catabolism with an FCR of 1.86±0.40 pools/d vs 2.47±0.26 pools/d in the control group (P<0.05), while calculated production rates are identical in both groups (129±24 μg/g/d vs 129±16 μg/g/d). Moreover, accumulation of [³H] CE in the liver is significantly lower in ITX5061-treated mice indicating that increased HDL-CE levels are due to reduced uptake by the liver^[1].