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Spiramycin hexanedioate (Rovamycin) is a macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces ambofaciens with against bacteria and Toxoplasma gondii activities, and also has antiparasitic effect. Spiramycin hexanedioate is composed of a 16-member lactone ring, on which three sugars (mycaminose, forosamine, and mycarose) are attached[1][2]. | [in vivo]
Spiramycin (100 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; every day; for 4 days; female KM mice) treatment reduces the number of tachyzoites, and reduces hepatotoxicity and significantly enhances antioxidative effects. Spiramycin treatment also decreases in the degree of granulomatous inflammation in the liver[3]. | Animal Model: | 36 female KM mice with T.gondii[3] | | Dosage: | 100 mg/kg | | Administration: | Intraperitoneal injection; every day; for 4 days | | Result: | The number of tachyzoites was significantly reduced. Reduced hepatotoxicity and significantly enhanced antioxidative effects. Granuloma and cyst formation were inhibitied. |
| [IC 50]
Macrolide | [References]
[1] Nguyen HC, et al. Post-PKS tailoring steps of the spiramycin macrolactone ring in Streptomyces ambofaciens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013 Aug;57(8):3836-42. DOI:10.1128/AAC.00512-13
[2] Etewa SE, et al. Assessment of spiramycin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles treatment on acute and chronic toxoplasmosis in mice. J Parasit Dis. 2018 Mar;42(1):102-113. DOI:10.1007/s12639-017-0973-8
[3] Guo HY, et al. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of (+)-Usnic Acid Derivatives as Potential Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Agents. J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Aug 28;67(34):9630-9642. |
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